Central America is a narrow string of countries connecting North America with South America. Because of its location, as a choke-point for land travel between the two continents, there are numerous ancient Native American sites which fit the criteria of UNESCO and which have now been recognized with World Heritage status. Check out the best of theses places and also some natural areas and their photos below.

 

    1. Belize Barrier-Reef Reserve System (1996)

 

           

 

    2. La Amistad National Park, Costa Rica (1983)

 

            

 

    3. Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica (1997)

 

         

 

    4. Tikal National Park, Guatemala (1979)

 

           

 

    5. Antigua Guatemala (1979)

 

            

 

    6. Maya Site of Copan, Honduras (1980)

 

            

 

    7. Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama (Portobelo-San Lorenzo) (1980)

 

         

 

    8. Archaeological Site of Panama Viejo & Historic District of Panama (2003)

 

           

    Mexico is one of the oldest countries in Latin America and has numerous pre-Colonial and Native American sites which UNESCO has recognized with World Heritage Site status. Some of the best are listed and pictured below.

 

    1. Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque (1987)

 

          

 

    2. Historic Centre of Mexico City and Xochimilco (1987)

 

              

 

    3. Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (1987)

 

             

 

    4. Historic Centre of Oaxaca & Archaeological Site of Monte Alban (1987)

                

      

           

 

    5. Historic Town of Guanajuato (1988)

 

             

 

    6. Pre-Hispanic City of Chichen Itza (1989)

 

                   

 

    7. Pre-Hispanic Town of Uxmal (1996)

 

           

 

    8. Hospicio Cabanas, Guadalajara (1997)

 

           

    Australia, like the United States and Canada, is short on history (a fairly recent country as countries go) but blessed with tremendous natural beauty and interesting, unusual wildlife. Thus, UNESCO has chosen this type of location to preserve for the world to appreciate. See my list of the best of these World Heritage Sites from "down under."  Also check out the photos that accompany each site.

 

    1. Kakadu National Park (1981)

 

       

 

    2. Great Barrier Reef (1981)

 

          

 

    3. Tasmanian Wilderness (1982)

 

        

 

    4. Uluru - Kata Tjuta National Park (1987)

 

                  

 

    5. Greater Blue Mountains Area (2000)

 

               

 

    6. Purnululu National Park (2003)

 

                 

 

    7. Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne (2004)

 

         

 

    8. Sydney Opera House (2007)

 

               

    The American southeast includes North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia (Florida, which is usually included here will be considered by itself, later). Because these states all border the Atlantic Ocean, many sights are related to their coastlines. However, there are other types of geology inland, making for a variety of attractions to entice the traveler. These are my choices for the best of the region. Look for a photo album to follow, showcasing these tourist destinations.

 

     1. Blue Ridge Parkway, North Carolina/Virginia

            The Blue Ridge Parkway is a 750 kilometer (469-mile) scenic highway which connects the Great Smoky Mountains National Park with Shenandoah National Park and makes for a great excursion from either. There are several Visitor Centers which provide information about the history of the road and the neighboring countryside. Because the road follows the ridge line of the mountains, numerous pullouts offer spectacular vistas of the valleys to the east and mountains to the west. Speed limits are strictly enforced and established to encourage leisurely travel, so this is not the route to take when in a hurry.

            Another excursion in the Smoky Mountains area is to the Biltmore Estate, in Asheville, North Carolina. The sumptuous, ornate home was built for the grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt in the late 1800’s. It is a French-Renaissance style mansion with 250 rooms and is probably the most-visited venue of its type in the United States. The chateau is tastefully furnished with original furniture (note the intricate woodwork) and period pieces. The artwork on display, alone, is impressive.

            The estate also includes 75 acres of gardens, designed by the architect of Central Park in New York City, Frederick Law Olmsted. There is even a winery on the grounds.

            While in the vicinity, check out the charming and interesting city of Asheville, which has long been popular as a mountain resort area, and serves as an eastern gateway to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Stroll the historic center, admiring the interesting architecture and perusing the many shops. Also nearby is Mount Mitchell, the highest US peak east of the Mississippi River.

 

     2. Charleston, South Carolina

             Charleston, South Carolina, provides the visitor a glimpse of the Old South with its stately antebellum homes, tree-lined streets, gardens, and courtyards. The Historic District is fairly compact and easy to walk (self-guided walking tour maps are available at the Charleston Visitor Center, 375 Meeting St). Walks must include The Battery and its nearby “Rainbow Row” of elegant homes. Some of Charleston’s mansions are open to the public.

             Magnolia Plantation is located just outside of Charleston. It offers a look at a genuine southern plantation with its glorious mansion and its extensive gardens. The Greek-revival plantation house is set amidst sprawling woods and wetlands. The Spanish Moss-draped trees add a special ambience to the grounds. Walk the garden trail to enjoy the wetlands with their human touches of wooden bridges, painted white, and benches for rest and contemplation.

             Take a boat from the Charleston City Marina at 17 Lockwood Blvd, for a 75-minute tour of Charleston Harbor and a 1 hour tour of Fort Sumter, where the first shots of the Civil War were fired on April 12, 1861.

 

     3. Atlanta, Georgia

             Atlanta, Georgia, is the state’s capitol as well as the largest city in the southeast. It is tourist destination for several reasons.

             Atlanta is the birthplace of Coca-cola and the World of Coca-Cola is the most popular tourist sight in the city. The entire process of making Coke products is highlighted in multimedia exhibits. There is even a sampling area. The venue is at an entrance into Atlanta’s Underground, which boasts numerous shops and restaurants and comes alive at night.

             The Martin Luther King National Historic Site includes the famous American’s birthplace, church, and grave.

             Ted Turner’s broadcasting empire is also native to Atlanta, and visitors can experience his most successful operation in the CNN Studio Tour.

             Centennial Park, the site of the 1996 Summer Olympics, commemorates that event with fountains and walkways.

             Georgia’s Stone Mountain Park, just outside of the city, encompasses one of the most massive granite monoliths in the country. More impressive than the Mountain itself is the huge carving of Robert E Lee, Jefferson Davis, and General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson on horseback which occupies 3 acres of the mountain’s north face.

            

     4. Savannah, Georgia

             Savannah, Georgia is a classic city of the Deep South, which grew on the backs of slave labor and the fortunes of cotton-farming. The downtown area is laid out in an unusual way -- homes and neighborhoods were centered around a series of 24 squares which are now landscaped and preserved as city parks. Twenty-two of the original squares designed by General James Oglethorpe, the founder of Georgia, still remain and they provide a charming walking tour of the downtown area. Also visit the riverfront where shopping opportunities and restaurants abound.

             Of all the parks, Forsythe Park is particularly attractive.

 

     5. Outer Banks, North Carolina

             The Wright Brothers Memorial is located on an area of the North Carolina coast known as the Outer Banks. Although a very popular destination in the summertime, because of the extensive water recreation activities available, the area is relatively quiet at other times of the year because it is so isolated from the mainland. In fact, to exit at the southern end of the Outer Banks requires taking a ferry.

             The Visitor Center at the Wright Brothers National Memorial contains exhibits and models pertaining to the pursuit of flight in the early twentieth century. A monolith marks the place where history was made on December 17, 1903.

             While on the Outer Banks, attend a performance of “The Lost Colony”, a symphonic outdoor drama which dramatizes the mystery concerning the fate of a colony of English settlers, dispatched by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585 and again in 1587. In the latter year, the first English child born in America, Virginia Dare, was born. However, the colony had vanished without a trace when the next ship from England arrived in 1590. This play is only offered during the summer months, in the evening. Tickets should be purchased in advance, if possible.

 

     6.  Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

             Myrtle Beach, South Carolina is the major tourist destination along what is commonly called the “Grand Strand”, a 100 km (60 mile) stretch of sandy beach. Outdoor recreation opportunities are endless, although the area has become a Mecca for the golfing enthusiast, with more than 100 golf courses in the area. The boardwalk area offers amusement-type activities and is especially popular with children. There is also shopping galore and numerous restaurants of all types.

    England, like France, Spain, and other Western European countries has witnessed much of the history of civilization in the last 2000 years. It is not only rich in political history, but there is also considerable religious history to document. This collection of countries has numerous World Heritage Sites, but here are my favorites along with pictures to make the location "come alive."

 

    1. Giant's Causeway & Coast, Northern Ireland (1986)

 

           

 

    2. Durham Castle & Cathedral (1986)

 

          

 

    3. Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (1986)

 

           

 

    4. Blenheim Palace (1987)

 

       

 

    5. Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey & St Margaret's Church (1987)

 

          

 

    6. City of Bath (1987)

 

          

 

    7. Hadrian's Wall (1987)

 

        

 

    8. Tower of London (1988)

 

            

 

    9. Canterbury Cathedral (1988)

 

        

 

    10. Old & New Towns of Edinburgh, Scotland (1995)

 

              

 

    11. Maritime Greenwich (1997)

 

        

 

    12. Historic Town of St George & Fortifications, Bermuda (2000)

 

         

 

    13. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2003)

 

        

     Since Greece is the cradle of Western Civilization, its early history is one of the most important legacies and must be high on the list of the most important locations in the world. UNESCO has recognized this and has listed a significant number of these places on its World Heritage List. My favorites are listed below along with photos.

 

    1. Archaeological Site of Delphi (1987)

 

                  

 

    2. Acropolis, Athens (1987)

 

              

 

    3. Meteora (1988)

 

               

 

    4. Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of Thessaloniki (1988)

 

        

 

    5. Archaeological Site of Epidaurus (1988)

 

       

 

    6. Medeival City of Rhodes (1988)

 

               

 

    7. Archaeological Site of Olympia (1989)

 

        

 

    8. Delos (1990)

 

           

 

    9. Archaeological Site of Mycenae (1999)

 

         

 

    10. Historic Centre (Chora) with the Monastery of St John the Theologian and its cave on the island of Patmos (1999)

 

             

 

    11. Old Town of Corfu (2007)  

 

             

     For this entry, I have included the following states in the category Deep South, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas. These are states which have somewhat similar characteristics, especially their southern drawl. Several of them border the Gulf of Mexico, while others include some "mountainous region."  Here are the sights that I consider the best in the entire region. Look for the photo album of these attractions shortly.

 

    1. New Orleans, Louisiana

          New Orleans is certainly noted for its Mardi Gras celebration, one of the best known in the world, but its French Quarter is a wonderful experience any time of the year. After all, New Orleans is the birthplace of jazz, and great music can be found at almost any time of the day or night. The architecture is interesting, because of the wrought iron balconies, many draped with flowers during the spring and summertime, the pastel-colored buildings and the beautiful courtyards showcasing the lovely 19th century houses. Preservation Hall offers a glimpse of vintage New Orleans’ jazz nightly. This is the place where many famous jazz artists were discovered or honed their craft.

         Bourbon Street at night is blocked off from traffic and people party every evening till the wee hours (visitors can even buy alcoholic drinks from street vendors).

         Jackson Square, a beautiful park in front of the distinctive St Louis Cathedral is an ideal place for relaxing or taking pictures. The nearby, colonnaded French Market has several shops and restaurants, some with live music.

         A Mississippi River Cruise is obligatory when visiting New Orleans, LA, Minneapolis, MN, or some of the other major cities along the river.

         From New Orleans, an interesting paddle wheel cruise takes the visitor upriver by a number of plantation houses and to the site of the Battle of New Orleans which took place in 1815. Boats leave from the Riverwalk area, off Canal Street. Trips are of varying lengths and leave at various times during the day.

         New Orleans is also noted for its cuisine, and visitors to the area should definitely sample alligator, crayfish, catfish (a few of the local favorites) as well as jambalaya and cajun preparations.

         The St Charles Avenue Streetcar takes visitors through New Orleans’ garden district, with its beautiful and regal homes, characteristic of the deep South.

         Hurricane Katrina devastated the New Orleans area and the city has not completely recovered, but the hope of everyone is that the city will rise again to its former status as the “party capitol“ of the country.

 

    2. Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee/North Carolina

         Great Smoky Mountains National Park, which straddles the Tennessee-North Carolina border, offers accessible wilderness and wildlife viewing to travelers in the populous eastern part of the US. Because of this fact, it is one of the most visited national parks in the country. Park roads allow access to most of the major sights, but, to truly experience the wilderness, the visitor should sample the many trails. On the roads, similar to the situation encountered in Yellowstone, expect traffic delays when wildlife is spotted, especially bears.

         The major areas of the park include Newfound Gap Road, which bisects the park from north to south. This route connects the Oconaluftee Visitor Center with the Sugarlands Visitor Center and travels through Newfound Gap, a major pass through the mountains. The road also allows access to Clingman’s Dome, the highest peak in the Smoky Mountains and the third highest east of the Mississippi. Cades Cove, a beautiful valley in the western part of the park, contains numerous historical buildings and is a fantastic wildlife-viewing area. The road through Cades Cove is a one-way 18 km (11-mile) loop, so traffic jams are common and can be a bit frustrating.

         Within Smoky Mountains National Park, take the Roaring Brook Motor Nature Trail for an interesting, educational tour. It’s a 10 km (6-mile) one-way trip.

         The Laurel Falls Trail is a 4 km (2.5 mile) hike along a paved path to one of the Smoky Mountains many waterfalls and well worth the exertion.

          

     3. Memphis, Tennessee

          Beale Street, Memphis, Tennessee is the birthplace of the “Blues,” soulful jazz first written by its founder, W.C. Handy. Not far from Beale Street is where “Rock and Roll” truly emerged, thanks to the collaboration between Elvis Presley and Sun Studio. Thus much of the city is imbued with music. Plan to experience some of this musical heritage in one or more of the various establishments throughout the city.

          Memphis is also, unfortunately, the location of the assassination of Dr Martin Luther King, an event commemorated by a sculpture called “The Mountain Top” at Civic Center Plaza.

          Those interested in the struggle for equality waged by Black Americans, epitomized by Martin Luther King, can travel southeast of Memphis to Selma and Montgomery, Alabama, to visit other "battlefields" and reminders of the sometimes gruesome and repugnant practices of the early days of this struggle.

          Of course, the most important attraction in Memphis is Elvis Presley’s Graceland, his 14-acre estate in town. The complex, which includes the mansion and a number of museums, as well as an entertainment facility, has become a pilgrimage site for Elvis’ many fans, as well as a curiosity for others who visit the Memphis area. Separate admissions to the various venues are available or the Platinum Tour pass can be purchased which includes admission to all areas of the estate.

          For a different kind of activity, drive, walk, or take the monorail to Mud Island Park, and stroll its Riverwalk, a scale model of the Lower Mississippi that extends for many blocks. A Mississippi Cruise may also be in order, and is available from Riverside Drive.

          Another important aspect of life in Memphis revolves around food, particularly Barbecued Ribs, and there is no better place to try ribs than here. The ongoing controversy revolves around “wet” versus “dry” ribs. Visitors should try both and decide for themselves.

 

     4. Nashville, Tennessee

          The Grand Ole Opry, in Nashville, Tennessee, is the nation’s longest-running radio program. The original venue, in downtown Nashville, has been abandoned in favor of a 4,400 seat auditorium on the grounds of Opryland (now the Gaylord Opryland), just outside the city. Tickets are available in advance.

          Because of its extensive musical heritage, the city of Nashville is known as “Music City USA” and anyone with a desire to become a recording artist has probably spent some time here. In particular, it is the center of Country Music for not only the USA but the whole world.

          Opryland was a major theme park for many years, with thrill rides and other activities focusing on music in general. It went out of business for a while but has reopened and attracts many visitors each year.

          Nashville is also the northern terminus for the Natchez Trace Parkway which began its life as an Indian trail, then a pioneer trail during the period of westward expansion in the United States. Now it has evolved into a historic drive from Natchez, Mississippi to just south of Nashville, Tennessee, a total distance of almost 720 kilometers (450 miles). Along the route are numerous historical points of interest. The Visitor Center in Tupelo, Mississippi offers information and displays.

          Also in the vicinity is The Hermitage, President Andrew Jackson’s estate, which has been restored as a museum to the colorful chief executive and general.

 

     5. Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas

          Hot Springs National Park, in Hot Springs, Arkansas, preserves an area of the Ouachita Mountains in the western part of the state. The park itself is surrounded by a city so that many of the roads within the park are dual purpose. The area was known to Native Americans, who believed that the thermal waters were beneficial and was discovered by tourists in the 1800’s. Some of the original bathhouses still stand in an area known as Bathhouse Row. There are also mountain roads within the park which access viewpoints, such as Hot Springs Mountain Observation Tower. Many other activities, such as, hiking, horse-back riding, as well as boat rides on Lake Hamilton, are also available in the park.

        

     What I call the mid-eastern states include New Jersey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, and Kentucky. They offer mountain scenery, fertile farmland and a few significant urban areas, in which are concentrated the majority of the tourist attractions. Below is a compilation of the best of this region, with associated photos.

 

           1. Gettysburg National Historic Site, PA

                  Gettysburg National Military Park commemorates the bloodiest and most decisive battle of the American Civil War. The battlefield area is extensive and requires driving in and around the town of Gettysburg to fully appreciate the drama. There are also monuments for the various states and militia which took part in the battle. Head for the Visitor Center first and obtain an orientation map and self-guiding auto tour. Also check out the special events scheduled for the day and attempt to include some in your visit.

                  Be sure to view the Cyclorama Sound and Light Show which highlights the major events of the battle, using a circular painting.

                  While in the area, travel north to Hershey, Pennsylvania, famous, of course, for the production of chocolate. The town celebrates chocolate in various ways, including streetlamps which look like Hershey Kisses. Hershey’s Chocolate World explains the entire process of making chocolate. There is also a musical program called “Hershey’s Really Big 3-D Show” as well as shops.

                  Also, in the vicinity, is Hershey Park, an amusement park popular with families.

                  A lengthy excursion, about 150 miles (240 kilometers) west of Gettysburg is Fallingwater, one of well-known architect Frank Lloyd Wright’s signature and most famous homes. It is located in the Laurel Highlands of southwestern Pennsylvania, in the town of Ohiopyle. The home is constructed of stone and concrete and is dramatically cantilevered over a waterfall. A trip to this fairly isolated location is probably best accomplished as an overnight.

                 At Gettysburg, take a personally guided tour with a licensed battlefield guide. It is worth the cost because it is so difficult to appreciate the scale and timeline of the battle without an expert.

                 Also, it is helpful to either see the movie, “Gettysburg” or read the book, “Killer Angels”, by Shaara, prior to a visit so that the events of the battle are fresh in the mind.

 

      2. Philadelphia, PA

                Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is another great American city which is loaded with history. It was once the capital of the young United States. Its major attractions focus on colonial times in America (the mid to late 1700’s).

                Independence National Historical Park consists of the Liberty Bell Center, which houses one of America’s enduring symbols of freedom, Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were debated and signed, and Benjamin Franklin’s home as well as a US Post Office which commemorates Franklin as the first Postmaster General, and numerous other buildings which help to chronicle this time period of American History. The Visitor Center, at 6th and Market Streets provides information, a walking tour map of the Park, as well as a 30-minute film, “Independence”, shown continuously during the hours of operation. Admission to Independence Hall is by guided tour only and timed tickets may be obtained at the Visitor Center as well.

                 During the summer, in Philadelphia, check out the evening sound and light show called “Lights of Liberty” which begins at the PECO Energy Liberty Center at 6th and Chestnut Sts.

                 The Reading Terminal Market, west of the park, is a great food and shopping experience.

                 A wonderful excursion from Philly is to Longwood Gardens, in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania (about 30 miles/50 kilometers southwest of the city), located on an estate once owned by Pierre du Pont. There are thousands of varieties of flowers and other plants as well as fountains and lakes on the grounds. Extensive greenhouses make this a year-round attraction. Summertime offers evening illuminations and music concerts. It certainly ranks as one of America’s, and perhaps the world’s, great gardens.

                 Another great excursion from Philadelphia is Pennsylvania Dutch Country, the area around Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a place which allows visitors to experience a very different and unusual culture without leaving the USA. The people who settled this region, primarily religious groups, such as the Amish and the Mennonites, depend primarily on farming and have continued their traditions and customs despite the incursions of modern society. Many have shunned modern conveniences such as the automobile and electricity, yet they thrive, since their farms are efficient and productive. There are numerous attractions in the area which offer glimpses into their lifestyle and culture. Visit their farm stands or markets for abundant, high quality fruits, vegetables and prepared foods.

                 A third excursion, for those interested in gambling, is east of the city in neighboring New Jersey. Atlantic City’s Boardwalk is over four miles long and dates to the late 1800’s when the city became a vacation paradise. Piers along the boardwalk offer amusement park rides, concession stands and shops. The boardwalk itself is lined with shops and restaurants. As its heyday ended, the area began to take on a seedy and somewhat sleazy atmosphere, until the influx of gambling casinos, which have replaced the beach and amusement parks as the area’s prime attractions. The streets of the boardwalk area have been immortalized in the game, Monopoly.

 

      3. Mammoth Cave National Park, KY

                Mammoth Cave National Park, in western Kentucky, claims to be the longest cave system in the world. Access to the caves is by guided tour only. A variety of different tours are offered, with varying degrees of difficulty, and they change with the seasons, so it is wise to contact the park prior to a visit. Many cave tours are strenuous and require climbing numerous stairs. Reservations may be made in advance (probably a good idea during the summer months). There are also many above-ground activities for those spending more than a single day in the area.

                If the visit to the caves occurs during May, a great side trip is to travel north to Churchill Downs, in Louisville, Kentucky, the home of the Kentucky Derby, perhaps the premier horse race in the United States. Derby Day is the first Saturday in May, each year, and pits the leading three-year-old thoroughbreds against one another. It is the first of three races which comprise the “Triple Crown”, horse-racing’s greatest achievement. A museum on the grounds is dedicated to the history of the race and celebrates its greatest contestants.

               Another possible excursion lies east of the park. The Kentucky Horse Park, in Lexington, Kentucky, is devoted to the history of man’s relationship with the horse. A Parade of Breeds takes place in the show ring and acquaints visitors with the many breeds of horses employed by people and their distinguishing characteristics. The International Museum of the Horse has fascinating exhibits about every aspect of this long-lasting relationship. There is also a short orientation film. One of the all-time most famous thoroughbreds is buried on the grounds and is commemorated with a huge statue, the Man o’ War Memorial. The countryside around Lexington is particularly pleasant to drive through because of the picturesque horse farms which dot the landscape.

 

        4. West Virginia

              The "Mountaineer State" of West Virginia, while not possessing any major tourist attractions, nevertheless offers the traveler great mountain scenery and a friendly, slow-paced lifestyle which is a welcome change from the hectic metropolises of the East. Drive through the picturesque countryside and appreciate the tranquility. Visit Black Water Falls in the eastern part of the state or the New River Gorge in the south, or check out the sprawling campus of the University of West Virginia in the north, at Morgantown.

              For a different type of activity, visit the town of Clarksburg for its annual Italian Heritage Festival, held on Labor Day Weekend.

     The Mid-Atlantic states of the United States of America include Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia. They are primarily coastal states although Maryland & Virginia extend westward into the Appalachians, so have a more diverse landscape. Since they are part of the Eastern corridor, there are large population centers and considerable traffic on the highways. Although Washington, D.C. is the main draw, there are several other significant tourist attractions, which are described below.

 

     1. Washington, District of Columbia

            Washington, DC is a requisite destination for all patriotic Americans. It also has much appeal for the world traveler because of its wonderful museums and beautiful neo-classic architecture, as well as the striking memorials that honor some of the icons of American and world history. Perhaps more important, almost all the attractions of the city are free, a rare occurrence in these times.

            The city is laid out as a grid with four zones (NE, NW, SE, SW). The numeric streets run north-south and begin at First Street, at the US Capitol Building. The east-west running alphabetical-named streets begin in either direction from the Mall. The avenues are named for the states of the union and run diagonally, e.g. the White House is on Pennsylvania Avenue.

            The primary tourist area is almost entirely within a few blocks of the Mall (a broad, park-like, grassy area between Constitution Ave and Independence Ave, running from the Capitol Building to the Lincoln Memorial). Also within the Mall are the many buildings of the Smithsonian, the Washington Monument (which dominates the skyline), and most of the war memorials. The Mall also allows easy access to the White House, the Jefferson Memorial, the tidal basin, and west to the Arlington Memorial Cemetery.

            The Smithsonian Museum, the world’s largest museum, occupies numerous buildings on or near the National Mall in Washington, DC. There is also an annex to the Air and Space Museum at Dulles Airport, about 30 miles west of the city and two galleries in New York City. The Smithsonian also includes the National Zoo, located on the outskirts of the city.

            Major sections (housed in separate buildings, primarily on the Mall) include the Arthur M Sackler Gallery, the Freer Gallery of Art, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the National Air and Space Museum, the National Gallery of Art, the National Museum of African Art, the National Museum of American History, the National Museum of the American Indian, the National Museum of Natural History, the National Portrait Gallery, the National Postal Museum, the National Zoological Park, the Renwick Gallery, and the Steven F Udvar-Hazy Center. Must sees include the following:

            The National Air and Space Museum displays the history of flight through a variety of exhibits and experiences.

            The National Museum of Natural History houses an immense collection of animals from around the world.

            The National Museum of American History has a huge collection of artifacts and memorabilia representing American culture, past and present.

            Check out Game Fish in the Renwick Gallery, a small crafts museum on Pennsylvania Ave, near the White House, for a nostalgic look at some true “Americana”. Adults, as well as kids, will be fascinated!

            The Washington Monument is a tall (over 550 feet/180 meters), obelisk which occupies the center of the Mall. Visitors can ride an elevator to an observation area which provides spectacular views of the city and the other major memorials. Be prepared to wait in line.

            The Lincoln Memorial, at the western end of the Mall, is a moving tribute to one of America’s most beloved presidents. The huge statue of a seated Lincoln commands respect and admiration. On the walls flanking the statue are etched the words of two of Lincoln’s greatest speeches.

            The Jefferson Memorial is located on the tidal basin, a large lake connected to the Potomac River. The building which houses the president’s statue looks like it would be at home in ancient Greece or Rome, and has stairs which lead to the water.

            The most popular of the war memorials is the famous Vietnam Veterans Memorial “wall” which occupies a spot between the Lincoln and Washington memorials, near the reflecting pool. It is inscribed with the names of all soldiers killed or missing, in chronological order.

            Cross Constitution Ave in the vicinity of the Vietnam War Memorial to find the Einstein Memorial at the National Academy of Sciences Building. Kids and adults can climb all over the statue which depicts Einstein seated on a low wall.

            Pass the Franklin Roosevelt Memorial into the tidal basin to find an unusual sculpture called “The Awakening”. Once again, kids will love it since they can run around and climb all over the sculpture.

            The Library of Congress, Jefferson Building has an original “Gutenberg Bible” on display.

            Other attractions in the city, besides those already mentioned include the United States Holocaust Memorial, an extremely moving tribute to those who lost their lives during the exterminations which were perpetrated by Nazi Germany in the years before and throughout World War II. A multitude of media are used in the dramatic and sometimes disturbing presentations. Reservations must be made in advance.

            The International Spy Museum, near Chinatown, takes the visitor on an interesting and informative tour of the gadgets and methods used in international intrigue and eavesdropping. There are extensive exhibits which focus on some of the most famous or infamous spies in history.

            Explorer’s Hall is an exhibit, offered by the National Geographic Society, which displays, often interactively, some of the famous expeditions conducted by the society. It is a great place to bring kids and fascinating for adults as well.

            There are too many other sights to mention them all, but Washington, DC must be savored with several visits over time. Like any great museum, the city cannot be seen all at once.

            Other sights in the vicinity of Washington, include Mount Vernon, George Washington’s home, the quaint old town of Alexandria, Virginia, and the Steven F Udvar-Hazy Center, an annex to the National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian, at the Dulles Airport in Chantilly, Virginia.

            Mount Vernon, George Washington’s estate on the Potomac, near Washington, D.C., is fine example of wealthy colonial life. Washington considered himself a farmer at heart, and only reluctantly left his plantation to serve his country as its first president. He retreated to Mount Vernon whenever possible and retired from public life there after his second term. The mansion and grounds have been lovingly restored and contain period furnishings, as well as Washingtonian memorabilia. Guided tours of the house and buildings are offered frequently.

            While at Mount Vernon, stroll the grounds after the tour to appreciate the view and the many innovations which Washington incorporated into his farm.

            Also in nearby Virginia, just across the Francis Scott Key Bridge, behind the Lincoln Memorial, is one of the most moving spectacles in the entire area. Arlington National Cemetery is the largest and most prestigious military cemetery in the country. It is the final resting place of thousands of the nation’s best and brightest. Just walking through the grounds is emotional enough, especially if family members or friends are interred here. However, the Changing of the Guard Ceremony at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is particularly symbolic and spiritual. The ritual takes place every half hour during the summer and every hour during the remainder of the year.

            Also worthwhile on a visit to the cemetery are stops at the John F Kennedy Gravesite where a perpetual flame pays tribute to one of America’s most beloved presidents and Arlington House, the Southern mansion which dominates the highest part of the cemetery, which was the former residence of General Robert E Lee, one of the country’s most celebrated generals.

                       

     2. Williamsburg & Hampton Roads Region, Virginia

           Williamsburg, Virginia is an authentic, recreated/restored 18th century city which operates as if in a time capsule to give the visitor a glimpse of life in Colonial America during the 1770’s. In reality, it is a huge outdoor museum and well worth the price of admission. There are always events, activities and demonstrations, so a stop at the Visitor Center is a must. Several orientation films are shown frequently throughout the day. Schedule your self-guided walk to take in several presentations. Even meals in the complex’s restaurants are much as they would have been during the days of early America.

           Must sees within the complex include the Governor’s Palace, with its Georgian décor and display of hundreds of weapons (designed to impress the colonists with England’s power and might). Other buildings which are interesting are the Randolph House, the Courthouse, and the Jail. Throughout, villagers in authentic costumes act out the daily life of the colony. It is a fascinating experience.

           Nearby is Busch Gardens, one of America’s major theme parks, which entertains visitors with thrill rides and other types of activities. There are two venues in the United States: Williamsburg and Tampa Bay, Florida. Besides the amusement park rides, Busch Gardens’ theme focuses on wildlife. Both parks contain extensive areas of wildlife habitat for viewing.

           A possible excursion from Williamsburg lies east of the area at Virginia Beach, a popular destination during the summer months because of the extensive beach area for swimming, the boardwalk, and the many other types of recreation which have been attracted to the area. It also provides an excellent base of operations for the exploration of the entire Hampton Roads area of Virginia because of the availability of hotel rooms throughout the year.

            At Williamsburg, don’t miss the “Interview with Patrick Henry”, repeated several times during the day.

            Take a drive along the Colonial Parkway which links Williamsburg with Yorktown, sight of the British surrender that marked the end of the Revolutionary War, and with Jamestown, location of the first Virginia colony in 1607. Stops at each of these areas are also worthwhile, if time permits.

 

     3. Monticello, Virginia

           Monticello is Thomas Jefferson’s estate in Charlottesville, Virginia. It was both his ultimate retreat and his passion, since he was intimately involved in its construction and subsequent modifications. The home contains original furnishings and memorabilia from Jefferson’s eclectic life. One comes away from an experience at Monticello with a better appreciation of Jefferson, the man, and a much greater respect for his intellect.

           Stroll the grounds, gardens, and cemetery to glimpse more of Jefferson’s many interests.

           For a further tribute to one of America’s Founding Fathers, visit the beautiful campus of the University of Virginia, which Jefferson founded, also in Charlottesville.

    4. Shenandoah National Park & Skyline Drive, Virginia

           Skyline Drive and Shenandoah National Park lie along the crest of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Western Virginia. Skyline Drive is one of America’s premier scenic drives. It extends from Front Royal in the north to Waynesboro in the South. There is limited access to the road, so entry must be planned. Because the speed limit is a strictly enforced 35 miles per hour (55 km/hr), it takes at least two (2) hours to drive the entire length. Shenandoah National Park is noted for its beautiful vistas which can be appreciated at the numerous roadside pullouts and by walking some of the many hiking trails. Wildlife is abundant and accessible.

 

     5. Baltimore Inner Harbor & Annapolis, Maryland

           Baltimore’s Inner Harbor is a remarkable area of resurgence and restoration that has become a model of urban renewal for the entire country. The Inner Harbor has become a magnet for tourists and residents alike because of its vibrant, varied activities, as well as its many restaurants and shops. There is now a water taxi service which connects many of Baltimore’s interesting neighborhoods via a pleasant boat trip. There are also new hotels in the area, built to take advantage of the area’s popularity.

            Baseball fans will find Babe Ruth’s home, not far from the waterfront, worth visiting.

            Not far from the Baltimore’s Inner Harbor area is Oriole Stadium at Camden Yard, one of the newer baseball parks in the country and, whether a baseball fan or not, provides a pleasant area to stroll because of the many food and trinket vendors which have been built into the stadium.

             A worthwhile excursion from the Inner Harbor involves taking a water taxi to Fort McHenry, famous because Francis Scott Key wrote the United States‘ National Anthem, “The Star-spangled Banner” while approaching the Fort while it was under attack from the British.

             Another great destination in the vicinity is Annapolis, Maryland, the present capital of Maryland and also the location of the United States Naval Academy. Besides these credits, Annapolis is a beautiful, old American city which has preserved and is proud to display, much of its past. The historic waterfront area is especially noteworthy in this respect, since the city was once an important center for international commerce. The many examples of Georgian architecture also distinguish this locale.

             To best appreciate the history and importance of Annapolis, take a guided tour of the city which can be arranged and begins at the Visitor Center.

             When on the grounds of the US Naval Academy, don’t miss the crypt of John Paul Jones.

 

    

 

     China has been, until fairly recently, a mysterious and unknown country to Westerners, since it has, for much of its history, avoided or minimized contact with other than its immediate neighbors. However, it has emerged onto the world stage and people are certainly curious about its vibrant culture and its significant contributions to mankind. Its history dates back over 2000 years and is rich with accomplishments and important events. It is also a large country with numerous significant natural places which are being explored more and more by modern travelers. Check my list of the major World Heritage Sites recognized in this incredible country and sees the photos of these marvels below.

 

       1. The Great Wall (1987)

 

              

 

       2. Imperial Palaces of the Ming Dynasty, Beijing (1987)

 

               

 

       3. Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, Xi'an (1987)

 

               

 

       4. Mountain Resort & Outlying Temples, Chengde (1994)

 

         

 

       5. Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa, Tibet (1994)

 

         

 

       6. Mount Emei Scenic Area, including the Leshan Giant Buddha (1996)

 

         

 

       7. Classical Gardens of Suzhou (1997)

         

             

 

 

        8. Summer Palace & Imperial Garden, Beijing (1998)

 

         

 

       9. Temple of Heaven, Beijing (1998)

 

            

 

       10. Imperial Tombs of the Ming & Qing Dynasties (2000)

 

                

 

       11. Historic Centre of Macao (2005)

 

            

 

       12. Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, Chengdu (2006)

 

            

 

       13. South China Karst (2007)

 

               

     I have no idea who Charles Dudley Warner is, but he once said,

 

         "There is no moment of delight in any pilgrimage like the beginning of it."

 

       I'm not sure whether I totally agree with this quote, although I certainly acknowledge that the anticipation and setting out on a trip is truly exciting.

       However, I feel that the most delightful part of a trip is seeing the major goal of the trip, such as, getting your first glimpse of the Colosseum on a first trip to Rome, or sailing into the crater and seeing the island of Santorini and its village of Thira for the first time. These are truly unforgettable experiences and they signify the culmination of the planning and preparation which has probably been taking place for months. For me, I always recall pictures or images of the sights we will be visiting, from either my youth or from photos I have seen in books or pamphlets. When I finally replace these memories with real ones, I get an unbelievable rush! Hope you do too.

 

    Feel free to comment below.

 

     The Czech Republic, formerly part of Czechoslovakia, is a country at the crossroads between Eastern and Western Europe. As a result there are quite a few locations which fit the criteria of UNESCO to qualify as World Heritage Site. My favorites are listed below with photos.

 

     1. Historic Centre of Prague (1992)

 

           

 

        

 

     2. Historic Centre of Cesky Krumlov (1992)

 

             

 

     3. Historic Centre of Telc (1992)

 

              

 

     4. Kutna Hora Historical Town Centre (1995)

 

        

 

     5. Gardens & Castle at Kromeriz (1998)

 

        

 

     6. Litomysl Castle (1999)

 

       

 

     7. Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc (2000)

 

       

 

    The United States of America is blessed with incredible natural wonders which have been set aside and preserved as National Parks, and many of these areas have been included in UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. There are also a few historical locations on the list. What follows is the US's entire list with associated photos.

 

    1. Mesa Verde (1978)

 

              

 

    2. Yellowstone National Park (1978)

 

              

 

         

 

    3. Glacier Bay, Alaska (1979)

 

          

 

    4. Grand Canyon National Park (1979)

 

          

  

     5. Everglades National Park (1979)

 

           

 

    6. Independence Hall, Philadelphia (1979)

 

    

 

    7. Redwood National Park (1981)

 

       

 

    8. Mammoth Cave National Park (1981)

 

       

 

    9. Olympic National Park (1981)

 

           

 

    10. Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site, Illinois (1982)

 

       

 

    11. Great Smoky Mountains National Park (1983)

 

            

 

    12. La Fortaleza & San Juan Historic Site, Puerto Rico (1983)

 

           

 

    13. Statue of Liberty, New York City, (1984)

 

           

 

    14. Yosemite National Park (1984)

 

            

 

    15. Chaco Culture National Historical Park (1987)

 

        

 

    16. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (1987)

 

            

 

    17. Monticello and the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia (1987)

 

       

 

    18. Taos Pueblo, New Mexico (1992)

 

          

 

    19. Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park (1995)

 

             

 

            

 

    20. Carlsbad Caverns National Park (1995)

 

            

 

                      

     France is another European nation with a long and storied history. As a result, there are many UNESCO-designated World Heritage Sites for the traveler to ponder and admire. Below are some of my favorites, along with photos of these famous places.

 

     1. Mont-St-Michel and its Bay (1979)

 

           

 

     2. Chartres Cathedral (1979)

 

        

 

     3. Palace and Park of Versailles (1979)

 

            

 

      

 

     4. Vezelay, Church and Hill (1979)

 

      

 

     5. Decorated Grottoes of the Vezere Valley (1979)

 

      

 

     6. Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (1981)

 

       

 

     7. Roman Theater and "Triumphal Arch" of Orange (1981)

 

      

 

     8. Pont du Gard (Roman Amphitheater) (1985)

 

       

 

     9. Strasbourg, Grand Ile (1988)

 

      

 

     10. Paris, Banks of the Seine (1991)

 

            

 

     11. Notre Dame Cathedral, Reims (1991)

 

       

 

     12. Historic Centre of Avignon (1995)

 

         

 

     13. Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (1997)

 

         

 

     14. Historic Site of Lyons (1998)

 

      

 

     15. Loire Valley (2000)

 

            

 

            

      UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization) has designated numerous places around the world as important to preserve because of their cultural or ecological significance. Right now, there are a total of 851 places on the list, with new places nominated and eligible for inclusion each year. The commitment by both the country of origin and the United Nations will hopefully assist in the maintenance of these locations and properties ad infinitum. On the other hand, inclusion on the list usually results in increased tourism which may, in turn, jeopardize the sustainability of the site. This new feature on my blog will list some of these sites (by country) and will illustrate their appearance via photos.  

 

     Italy has the most World Heritage Sites (41), a reward for its cultural importance throughout the history of world civilization. My favorites are as follows: (Sites are listed chronologically by the year of inclusion)

 

        1. Historic Center of Rome (1980)

 

             

 

          

      

      2. Santa Maria della Grazie Church, Milan (which contains DaVinci's masterpiece, The Last Supper) (1980)

 

        

     

      3. Historic Center of Florence (1982)

 

              

 

           

        

        4. Venice and its Lagoon (1987)

 

               

 

           

 

        5. Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (which contains the Leaning Tower, the Duomo, and the Baptistry) (1987)

 

           

 

 

        6. Historic Center of San Gimignano (1990)

 

        

 

 

        7. Historic Center of Siena (1995)

 

              

 

         8. Historic Center of Naples (1995)

 

              

 

 

        9. Historic Center of Pienza (1996)

 

        

 

 

       10. Royal Palace at Caserta (1997)

 

        

 

 

       11. Cinqueterra (1997)

 

              

 

 

       12. Pompeii (1997)

 

              

 

 

       13. Amalfi Coast (1997)

 

              

 

 

       14. Agrigento (an archaeological site on the island of Sicily) (1997)

 

        

 

       15. Historic Center of Urbino (1998)

 

        

 

       16. Villa Adriana at Tivoli (1999)

 

         

 

       17. City of Verona (2000)

 

            

 

       18. Assisi & its Basilica of San Francesco (2000)

 

            

 

       19. Villa d'Este at Tivoli (2001)

 

            

 

       20. Syracuse (2006)

 

         

 

       21. Genoa (2007)

 

            

     Spain has almost as many World Heritage Sites as Italy (which has the most) because of the country's long history and its position as an interface between Northern Africa and Europe. Some of my favorite UNESCO sites in Spain are listed and pictured below.

 

     1. Historic Center of Cordoba (1984)

 

             

        

 

     2. Alhambra (1984)

 

          

 

     3. Monastery at El Escorial (1984)

 

       

 

     4. Parque Guell, Palacio Guell, and Casa Mila, Barcelona (1984)

 

         

 

     5. Altamira Cave (1985)

 

     6. Segovia & its Aqueduct (1985)

 

         

 

     7. Santiago de Compostela (1985)

 

    

 

     8. Avila (1985)

 

      

 

     9. Historic city of Toledo (1985)

 

        

 

     10. Cathedral & Alcazar of Seville (1987)

 

        

 

     11. Old City of Salamanca (1988)

 

          

 

     12. Historic Walled Town of Cuenca (1996)

 

      

 

     13. Aranjuez Cultural Landscape (2001)

 

      

    New York is one of the most populous states in the United States of America. It also has a diverse landscape with Atlantic Ocean shoreline (Long Island), mountains (Adirondacks, Mohawks), farms (Upstate wineries, etc), rivers (Hudson), lakes (Finger Lakes, Lake Erie) and, of course, major cities (New York city, Albany, Buffalo). As expected, there are a wealth of attractions for the sightseer, as well. Read on to find my recommendations for the best of this significant state.

 

     1. New York City

            New York City and its skyline are certainly one of the most recognized locations in the world. No longer, unfortunately, capped by the World Trade Towers, the city has, nevertheless, many tall and distinguished buildings. The Empire State Building and the Chrysler Building are two of the most famous. The skyline is made more dramatic because Manhattan Island, the major tourist section of the city juts out from the mainland into New York harbor, making the buildings more noticeable. Many of the bridges which connect Manhattan to the other boroughs are also well known, e.g. the Brooklyn Bridge and the George Washington Bridge which connects the Bronx with New Jersey and points south.

            New York City itself is an exciting venue for the traveler, with an incredible variety of things to do and see. For instance, New York possesses world-class museums such as the Metropolitan Museum, the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) and the Guggenheim.

            The Metropolitan Museum, one of the world’s great houses of art, is located at 1000 Fifth Ave, on the east side of Central Park at 82nd St. Like most major museums, days could be spent in an effort to see everything. However, it make more sense to make several shorter visits, perhaps concentrating on a particular period or type of art, to be able to appreciate the museum’s vast collection.

            Must sees include at least the following:

                European Paintings

                Nineteenth Century European Paintings

                The American Wing

                European Sculpture

                Egyptian Art

            The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) has recently (2005) reopened after a major renovation. It, like the Metropolitan, is considered one the world’s best. It is located at 11 W. 53rd St and requires an unhurried visit to savor its quality. Must sees include Van Gogh’s “The Starry Night” and Painting & Sculpture, on the 4th & 5th floors.

            American Museum of Natural History, on the Upper West Side of New York City, is one of America’s best natural history museums. In the same complex is the Rose Center for Earth and Space as well as the Hayden Planetarium. Exhibit halls provide outstanding examples of biological, geological, and astronomical phenomena.

            Broadway’s theater district contains the best that live theater has to offer. New York City’s neighborhoods, such as Chinatown, Little Italy, SoHo, and Greenwich Village have their own special charm and ambiance, and New York has many outstanding restaurants throughout the city.

            Times Square, at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue, represents the heart of New York City. Its glitz and glamour make it a Mecca for visitors. Besides being surrounded by many of the city’s most famous attractions, it also abuts the Theater District. On December 31st, it becomes the location of the most famous New Year celebration in the world.

            The Statue of Liberty, one of the most famous landmarks associated with the United States, is located on Liberty Island, in New York Harbor, and is accessible only by ferry from either Battery Park in Lower Manhattan or from Liberty State Park in Jersey City, New Jersey. The statue was a gift from France and, for many arriving immigrants, symbolized the ideals of freedom and opportunity and an escape from the hardships or poor prospects of their native land. The view of the New York City skyline from the Statue of Liberty National Monument departure area in Jersey City is spectacular.

            Stroll around Liberty Island to admire the glorious views of New York City and its busy harbor.

            Ellis Island, in New York Harbor, was the entry point for the majority of immigrants to the United States during the late 19th and early 20th century. The restored complex processed millions of Irish, Polish, Italians and others who came to America to escape oppression, flee from poverty, or to make a fresh start. Take a narrated National Park Service tour to make the most of your visit and to appreciate what immigrants must have felt as they were herded through the complex.

            The United Nations Headquarters, on First Ave in Midtown Manhattan, offers visitors an opportunity to see the world stage of international diplomacy. There are gifts and artwork, some quite spectacular, from all over the world throughout the building. It is a major tourist site because of its concept, an international forum to peacefully resolve world issues in order to avoid armed conflict.

            The Empire State Building, in midtown Manhattan, is one the world’s tallest office buildings and, for many years, was the tallest. Take the elevator to the observatories on the 86th and 102nd floors for fantastic views of New York City and the surrounding area.

            Rockefeller Center, located in midtown Manhattan, is the home of NBC (the National Broadcasting Company) and is noted for its ice-skating rink and the exhibitions which frequently take place nearby. More recently, it has become extremely popular in the mornings during the Today Show, since the hosts spend part of their morning broadcast outside. Free concerts also occur during some of the broadcasts. In addition, tours of NBC Studios are offered throughout the day. It is also a gathering place, great for people-watching.

             St Patrick’s Cathedral, located in midtown Manhattan almost directly opposite Rockefeller Center, is one of the largest churches in the United States. It was built in the Gothic style in the mid-1800’s and has attracted the religious and the curious for many years. It is the home of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of New York, and services are offered on a regular basis.

             Other must sees include Central Park, an oasis in this concrete jungle, which offers walks, swimming, a zoo and other outdoor activities, depending on the season, Ground Zero, the location of the World Trade Towers, now a memorial to the events of September 11, 2001 and, of course, Times Square, perhaps the gaudiest and most famous square in the world.

             The Sony Wonder Technology Lab, between 55th and 56th Streets, on Madison Ave, is extremely interesting, especially for kids, and has free admission, something not often seen in New York.

             The majority of tourist attractions are found on the island of Manhattan, however, several locations in other boroughs deserve a mention. The Bronx has one of the most excellent zoos in the world. The Bronx Zoo has long been known for its innovation in the display of animals and also in the conservation and protection of endangered species. It has an incredible variety of animals and habitats. The nearby New York Botanical Garden is also one of the world leaders.

             Another Bronx attraction, certainly well-known to all fans of baseball, is one the premier ballparks in the United States, Yankee Stadium. Besides being one of the oldest, it is probably the most storied, since it was home field to many of the sports’ greatest players. A tribute to some of these icons is located beyond centerfield, in a garden of monuments.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      2. Niagara Falls

            Niagara Falls, which straddles the border between upstate New York (USA) and Ontario, Canada, has been a top tourist destination for almost two (2) centuries. The American falls are slightly higher but not as wide as the Canadian Horseshoe Falls, named for their curved shape. The area is extremely accessible, because it is fairly close to several major population centers (Toronto, Canada and Buffalo, Syracuse, and Rochester, New York).

          Niagara Falls, New York is a bit honky-tonk, but it still commands respect because it has survived so many years as a destination. Obviously, the beauty and romance associated with Niagara Falls has transcended the mundane reality and commercialism of the nearby area. The sheer immensity of the falls, millions of gallons of water pouring over a precipice and dropping 60 meters (180 feet) makes it a spectacular sight, but when all of the accoutrements are considered, there is much to do which warrants a stay of two or three days.

          Be sure to see the falls at night -- they are lit with colored lights for several hours after sundown and present a totally different ambiance.

          Take a walk along the falls, particularly to Goat Island, during the day to view them from various angles.

          One of the best activities while in the area is a Maid-of-the-Mist boat ride for an up-close view of the falls from below (even though the thought of riding in a crowded boat with ugly raingear on into an area of dangerous swirling, fast-moving water sounds a bit bizarre, it is an obligatory experience for any self-respecting tourist).

          Even though the food is extremely average and over-priced, the view of Niagara Falls from the Skylon Tower’s revolving restaurant on the Canadian side is positively spectacular.

          The “Cave of the Winds” adventure (USA) or “Table Rock Scenic Tunnels” (Canada) offer a different perspective from below the falls (raingear is issued for both attractions and participants will get wet!).

          The Niagara Falls IMAX Theatre, on the Canadian side, provides a film which explores the history of the falls, especially showcasing the daredevils who, over the years, have challenged Niagara.

 

 

 

      3. Baseball Hall of Fame & Museum, Cooperstown

            The Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, is a tribute to America’s Game. Memorabilia and other exhibits highlight the history of the sport and honor its greatest players. The most important exhibit is the Gallery of Hall-of-famers, located on the first floor, although there is much more to see and, in some cases, interact with.

            Don’t miss the taped rendition of Abbot and Costello’s famous “Who’s On First” routine.

            The town of Cooperstown, itself, is quaint and pleasant to walk, certainly worth a few extra hours. There are also many fringe museums and displays which have located here to take advantage of the popularity of the area.

 

 

 

     4. Saratoga Springs

            Saratoga Springs, New York, is reputed to have America’s oldest thoroughbred racing facility. In August, the quaint and classic city becomes the focal point for this “Sport of Kings”. Thousands flock to the races each day during the six-week season (last full week of July through Labor Day) to see and be seen. Some of the best horses in the country race here and some of the largest purses can be won.

            The best way to experience racing at Saratoga is to picnic on the grounds, either using one of the facility’s numerous tables or your own. Be aware that weekends are extremely crowded, so prime spots are difficult to come by and require getting to the track early (7 AM or so) to stake out a spot (leave a tablecloth or other personal item behind to mark your table), then returning when the racing day begins.

            While at the races, spend some time in the city of Saratoga Springs, strolling the busy main street, and stopping to window-shop or to find a restaurant. In particular, check out the classic, Victorian Adelphi Hotel, for a look at the decor of a grander time. More importantly, amble through Congress Park to see some of the springs which made the city famous. The park is lovely, well-landscaped, and even has a carousel for the kids. If possible, walk or drive a bit further, along Circular and Union Streets to admire the large and distinctive Victorian homes that abound here.

 

 

 

     5. Finger Lakes Region

           The Finger Lakes Region of New York has been a popular destination for people seeking recreational activities for many years. There are numerous state parks in the region, but one of the most popular is located in the town of Watkins Glen, on the shores of Seneca Lake. Besides auto racing in the summer months, the Watkins Glen State Park offers visitors an interesting stroll through the glen (really a chasm, cut by a river), with numerous waterfalls and very pleasant surroundings.

           Because of the abundance of waterfalls in the area, a great way to explore is by driving from waterfall to waterfall. Besides Watkins Glen, mentioned above, some of the other noteworthy stops should include Letchworth State Park, in Castile, Taughannock Falls State Park, north of Ithaca, and Buttermilk Falls and Robert H Treman State Parks, in Ithaca.

            Corning, New York and the Corning Museum of Glass, in upstate New York, not far from the Finger Lakes, offer visitors a look at one of the world’s major centers for the production of glass. The town has been restored to its 19th century appearance and is a pleasant stroll. The Museum is accessible via shuttle bus from the town and is an interesting and informative look at the glass industry. Demonstrations and other interactive activities make this museum a worthwhile experience for people of all ages.

            A bit further away (about 100 miles/160 kilometers), west of Corning, is the small, elegant community of Chautauqua, New York, which has long been associated with adult education and the sharing of ideas through seminars. Classes in many different disciplines are offered each summer when this secluded town with tree-lined streets and Victorian homes becomes a Mecca for those wishing to improve their knowledge or pursue the Arts. All of this takes place at the famous Chautauqua Institution, located on Lake Chautauqua.

           In the evenings, during the summer, return to Watkins Glen State Park for a multimedia presentation called Timespell, outdoors, in a section of the glen, which dramatizes the geological origins of the area as well as its Native American presence.

 

 

 

      6. The Hamptons, Long Island

           The Hamptons are a series of exclusive communities which have long been a favorite vacation spot for the wealthy and famous, located on the eastern end of Long Island, New York. Since wine-making is a common activity in the region, there are numerous vineyards which offer tours and tasting.

            Some of the communities maintain quaint and pretty downtown areas which offer shopping and dining. Particularly interesting communities include Sag Harbor, a former whaling port, East Hampton, and Southhampton.

            Miles of sandy beaches are characteristic of the southern shore of Long Island. Of note is the Fire Island National Seashore, a stretch of seashore which is over 30 miles (48 kilometers) long, lying west of the Hamptons.

 

 

 

      7. Hudson Valley     

               New York’s Hudson Valley extends from Albany south to New York City. Because the river has always been navigable by large boats, it has spawned a plethora of communities tied to the river, both physically and culturally. Among the many tourist destinations in the valley, are Hyde Park, the former estate of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, West Point, the United States Army’s Military Academy, which offers guided tours of the grounds, Albany, capital of the state of New York, with its dramatically situated Nelson A Rockefeller Empire State Plaza, as well as access to the Catskill Mountains with its many resorts and recreational areas.

               While in the vicinity of West Point, take the George W Perkins Memorial Drive to Bear Mountain State Park for some great views of the Hudson Valley. The drive is especially scenic in the autumn.

 

 

      8. Lake Placid

               Lake Placid, New York, is a lakeshore village in the Adirondacks, in the northern part of the state. The Main Street commercial area is quaint and crowded with tourists in the summertime. Tourist activities include hiking and water sports, as well as ice skating in the indoor Olympic Arena. Many of the facilities in Lake Placid are remnants of the Winter Olympics which were hosted here in both 1932 and 1980.

               Nearby is Whiteface Mountain which was the venue for alpine skiing events during the Olympics. The Whiteface Mountain Veteran’s Memorial Highway offers visitors the opportunity to drive up the mountain for glorious views of the surrounding area.

 

             

    Mark Twain once said,

 

          "Twenty years from now, you will be more disappointed by the things that you didn't do than the things you did do. So throw off the bowlines. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover."

 

       This is a great quote for anyone who has been reluctant to travel. Twain urges us all to leave our comfort zone and venture into new lands. For the nomads among us, it serves as a justification for what we know is the right way to experience the world. This has been my mantra for years now.  So, shake off the cobwebs, pack your bags and travel...

 

       Feel free to make your own comments on the above quote.

    There are a number of countries who do not fit into the scheme I have applied to group tourist destinations. Some of them are highlighted below, in no special order. Relax and enjoy, then look for the photo album which will surface soon.

 

     1. Nepal

           Katmandu, Nepal, boasts seven (7) UNESCO World Heritage Sites within a 20 kilometer (13 mile) radius. Walking the city is an adventure, since the labyrinthine alleyways and courtyards make getting lost likely. Numerous temples, shrines and prayer wheels remind the visitor of the pervasive religious culture, and the colors and dress are uniquely Nepalese. The people are mild-mannered and friendly, always ready to help.

           The center of life in the city is Durbar Square, a hectic gathering place, constantly bustling with activity. Either on the square or nearby are most of the city’s tourist attractions, including the Taleju Temple, Hanuman Dhoka (Royal Palace), and Jagnnath Temple.

           Other sights of note in the city include Singha Durbar, another handsome palace, Bhadrakali, which is one the most important Shankta temples in the city, Narayanhity Durbar, the present royal residence, Kumari Ghar, another temple, with beautifully carved wooden balconies and window screens, Kasthamandap, a temple which is the derivation of the name of the city, and Akash Bhariav Temple, a three-storey temple.

           The Katmandu Valley is home to a number of Nepalese communities which also hold treasures for the tourist. Katmandu City is, typically, the major base of operations for an exploration of this area, and the city itself is a rich oasis of sights. However, for those willing to spend several days in the area, much more is available.

           Swayambhu Stupa, only 2 kilometers west of Katmandu City, with its golden spire, is the oldest of the valley’s holy places, and provides visitors with a spectacular view of the city, below, and of the Himalayas, to the north. On the other side of the city (about 6 km or 4 miles east) is Boudhanath Stupa, the largest of the temples in the valley and another World Heritage Site. Buddhanilkantha, which has an interesting sculpture of Vishnu, sleeping on the coils of a serpent, is about 9 kilometers (5 miles) from the city, at the northern end of the valley.

           Some of the other towns of the valley include Sankhu, which has many old buildings and temples, and Kirtipur, a very old town with quaint streets and temple squares.

           Other valley attractions include the Balaju Water Garden with its famous sea-dragon waterspouts, the Gokarna Royal Game Sanctuary, Chobhar Gorge, with its Temple of Adinath and its great views, and scenic Sundarijal, with its waterfalls and interesting rock formations.

           To truly experience the wonders of the Himalayas, the world’s highest mountain range, trek into the hills of Nepal. There are options available for people of any age and condition.

 

     2. Mount Everest

           Mount Everest is the Earth’s tallest mountain, over 8,000 meters (almost 30,000 feet) high, and it is still growing between 1 - 2 centimeters per year. Climbing Mount Everest, of course, is only for the extremely fit and experienced, however, just the sight of this massive behemoth is memorable enough for most. One of the best views is from the Longpu Temple, in Tibet. In Nepal, the mountain may be viewed on a trek from the Sherpa town of Namche Bazaar, through the Khumbu Region. This is also the vicinity of Sagarmatha National Park, the world’s highest wildlife reserve and a UNESCO World Heritage Site of its own.

 

    3. Sri Lanka

           Kandy, Sri Lanka, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its numerous, historically-important temples. Here the visitor will find the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic (Dalda Maligawa), one of the most important Buddhist pilgrimage sites in the world because it is the repository of one of Buddha’s teeth. The complex has decorative walls, a moat, a golden roof, and turrets. Visitors can witness daily religious services (pooja) with traditional music, offered three times per day.

           Another notable sight is the Paradeniya Garden, which is renowned, in particular, for its Orchid House and its Spice Garden, which highlights the fragrant and other herbs used in Buddhist ceremonies.

           Additional attractions worth visiting include the Embekke Temple, with its intricate wooden carvings, Lankatilaka Temple, which dates to the 14th century, and Galadadeniya Temple, just outside the city, which is an example of Dravidian architecture and which provides a marvelous view of the city.

           Just north of the city, a distance of about 70 kilometers (40 miles) is Dambulla Vihara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site preserving several rock cave temples, some of which have magnificent frescoes and statues.

           Also, in the vicinity of the city is Sigiriya Rock (Lion Rock) which is a complex of palaces, water gardens, and fortifications. Check out the “heavenly maidens” frescoes and the “mirror wall”. Sigiriya is located about 90 kilometers (50 miles) from Kandy.

           A bit further a field is the city of Polonnaruwa, which is noted for the Gal Vihariya, a group of four images of Buddha sculpted from the same rock. All are in different postures, with the last one reclining. Polonnaruwa is 140 kilometers (about 90 miles) from Kandy.

           A visit in July or August may afford the tourist an opportunity to witness the Kandy Perahara, a huge cultural pageant and one of the most colorful in the world.

 

     4. South Korea

           Seoul has numerous attractions and its excellent transportation system make it the Republic of Korea’s top destination for visitors and the logical place from which to embark on a tour of the country.

           The city’s most popular attractions are the royal residences, several of which have been designated World Heritage Sites. Changdokkung Palace is surrounded by the picturesque Secret Gardens. Nearby, the Chongmyo Shrine is in a rustic setting.

            Toksukung Palace, a former royal villa, dramatically juxtaposed next to several skyscrapers, contains the Museum of Modern Arts on its grounds.

            Kyongbokkung Palace is the most impressive of the palaces. Its construction began in the 14^th century. The National Folk Museum is also found here.

            The Great South Gate (Namdaemun) is the recognized symbol of the city and was the main gate of the city’s 15th-century defenses.

            Pagoda Park (Tapkol Park) is dedicated to Korean Independence which was achieved in 1919, and has become a major gathering place.

            Climb the Seoul Tower, sitting at the top of Namsan Mountain, for great views of the city.

            The Arts are alive and well in Seoul and visitors are encouraged to see a traditional performance while in the city. Major shopping areas include the traditional shopping area of Insadong which has an excellent variety of goods, the Itaewon district which has more upscale shopping, and the daily East Gate (Dongdaemun) Market which is the place for bargain hunters.

 

     5. Bhutan

           Bhutan is a country of great mystery. It has been closed to travelers for many years, for two reasons. The government did not want tourists, and it was difficult to get to and to get around once there. All this is changing as we speak. A recent Today Show (Where in the world is Matt Lauer?) showcased this country for the world to see and pointed out that it has become a more accessible and more desirable tourist destination. The country is extremely mountainous and the people lead relatively simple lives. Bhutan certainly deserves consideration as a stop on a tour of this part of Asia.

           The Paro valley features a number of religious sites, including the dramatic Tiger's Nest Monastery (Thaktsang), perched high in the mountains around the city. Even higher up is Sang-tog Peri Monastery, known as the Temple of Heaven. Another religious site of note is the Paro Dzong Monastery, constructed in 1646. Near the monastery is Uggen Palri, the royal palace, which exhibits the extremes of Bhutanese architecture. Not far from here is Kytchu Lakhang, Bhutan's most revered and sacred shrine, built in the 7th century.

           Other areas to visit include the capital, Thimpu, which features the King's Memorial Chorten, and Tashichhodzong, seat of the Royal Government, as well as the Phajoding Monastery, in the mountains to the west.

 

      6. Valletta, Malta

            Valletta, Malta, a walled city whose fortifications date to 1566, built by the Knights of the Order of St John. The narrow streets are wonderful for walking and are lined with numerous shops and restaurants, perfect for browsing or taking a break. Be sure to walk the City Walls.

            The most impressive attraction in the city is, undoubtedly, the Cathedral of St John, with its elaborate baroque interior, which includes Carvaggio’s famous Beheading of St John the Baptist, as well as the tombs of many of the Knights of the Order, especially its founder, Grand Master Jean Parisot de la Vallette, for whom the city was named. Valletta is a deserving UNESCO World Heritage Site.

            For a great view of one of the world’s deepest and best natural harbors, visit the Barracca Gardens, near Castille Place. The garden is interesting and historical as well.

 

     7. Andorra

            The tiny nation of Andorra is tucked high in the Pyrenees Mountains, between France and Spain. It is more difficult to get to than some of the other small countries in Europe because of its location. Andorra La Vella is the capital and major city. When in town, visit the Church of Sant Juan de Casilles, dramatically perched on a cliff, and perhaps relax in the famous spa, Caldea.

     Lao Tzu, the noted Chinese Philosopher, once said:

 

             "A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step."

 

     To me, this means that beginning a voyage is key to its accomplishment. Taking the initiative, starting to plan a trip, for instance, is necessary before the trip can take place. I have always felt that planning a trip is extremely important, both to insure success, and also to create excitement about the trip which then tends to excalate until the actual day the trip starts.

    One can also see this quote saying that the first step of anything doesn't have to be large, but must take place in order for subsequent steps to occur.

    Obviously, this quote is about more than the literal message of travel. Lao Tzu is encouraging us to make that first effort to change or begin something, because it is critical to the success of the venture.

 

      Feel free to make your own comments about the quote or about my interpretation.