Honolulu, the capital and largest city of the Hawaiian Islands, is a modern city, but, because of its location, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and because of its heritage, that of a South Pacific Island culture, it possesses sights that are relatively unusual and thoroughly interesting. Check out my favorites and look for the photo album to follow.

 

      1. Enjoy Waikiki Beach - This is one of the most famous beaches in the world, lined with high-rise hotels and populated with surfers and sun-worshippers. Stroll along the beach, marveling at the profile of Diamond Head (see below) and soaking the perpetual sunshine while wading through the warm waters. Stop in at the distinctive, pink Royal Hawaiian Hotel, an institution for over eighty (80) years.

 

       2. Diamond Head State Park - At the end of Waikiki Beach, the remains of this now dormant volcano dominates the skyline. At the state park, visitors are allowed to climb from the bottom of the crater to its rim, following a path that is well-worn but steep in parts. Note also that several sections of the trail traverse fairly long, dark tunnels, so flashlights are a must. The view from the top is breath-taking!

 

       3. Pearl Harbor - An excursion to the Naval Base at Pearl Harbor is an absolute requirement for any visit to the island of Oahu. The somber spectacle of the USS Arizona Memorial is a vivid reminder of the horror of December 7, 1941, the "Day of Infamy" for the United States, when it was attacked by surprise by Japanese bombers, an event which launched the country into the midst of World War II. A visit to the memorial is incredibly moving, especially when one sees the oil from the sunken battleship still rising to the surface and when one realizes that the wreck is also a tomb for the many victims of the attack.

 

       4. Hanauma Bay - This short excursion from the city allows visitors to experience the wonder of a coral reef only a few feet from shore. Snorkeling gear is available for rent after a brief orientation film which stresses the vulnerability of the reef and the necessity to preserve its unique environment.

 

       5. Iolani Palace - America's only "royal" palace is right in the middle of town, near the state capitol building. This was the residence of the Hawaiian kings and queens until the end of the monarchy in 1893.

 

       6. Take a Scenic Drive Along the Pali Highway - Route 61 leads north out of the city into the mountains. Take this highway which travels by the Punchbowl ( The National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific) to the Pali Overlook, the Nu'Uanu Pali State Wayside, for a dramatic and glorious view of the northern part of the island. Historically, this was also the location of King Kamehameha's decisive victory which finally unified the islands under a single ruler.

 

       7. Spend a day at the Polynesian Cultural Center - This open-air museum introduces visitors to a variety of South Pacific cultures through demonstrations, exhibits, and interactive activities. Areas of the facility are devoted to each of seven different native peoples, including the Maori, the Marquesas, the Fijians, the Samoans, the Tongans, the Tahitians, and the Hawaiians. Don't miss the parade of boats and then the evening performance, Horizons, Where the Sea Meets the Sky.

 

       8. Watch the Professional Surfers on the North Shore - The names, Pipeline, Sunset Beach, and Waimea Bay, conjure up images of incredibly huge waves and fearless surfers tackling these giants. Here is where the world's best surfers congregate to challenge their skills. Despite the fact that the winter time is when these gigantic waves form, the area is a showcase for this traditional Hawaiian sport anytime of the year.

 

       9. Visit Shangri-La - Doris Duke's mansion is now accessible to the public via small-group guided tours. The elaborate residence is a showcase of Middle Eastern and Islamic architecture and design.

 

       10. Dole Plantation - This tribute to the pineapple, Hawaii's most famous export, has a variety of activities for visitors as well as an opportunity to purchase or ship home many pineapple products. It's a great place to bring kids because it claims to offer the world's largest maze and other attractions designed especially for children.

 

      Other sights considered:

            Makapu'u Point

            King Kamehameha Statue

     New Zealand, though not a tremendously large country, is blessed with some incredible scenery and landscapes. Both the North Island and the South Island have their share of natural wonders. Wildlife is also a top draw here since many creatures that are found in New Zealand are found nowhere else in the world. Here is my list of the best of both. A photo album will soon follow.

 

      1. Rotorua Thermal Areas - The entire area here is geothermal with numerous places to view and experience the volcanic activity. Among these places are Whakarewarewa with its many hot springs, fumaroles, mudpots, and geysers. The most famous geyser is Pohotu geyser whose eruptions each hour may reach almost 100 feet.

 

      2. Fiordland National Park - This sparsely populated area of the South Island is home to numerous fjords, here called "sounds." Wilderness trekking is a common activity, although most visitors are here to see the beauty of the narrow, deep channels of water etching into the mountains. The most famous fjords are Milford Sound and Doubtful Sound.

 

      3. Tongariro National Park (with Lake Taupo) - This was New Zealand's first national park and the world's fourth. It preserves a region of active volcanoes of which Mount Tongariro is one. Hiking and skiing are very popular activities here. There are also Maori religious sites within the park.

 

      4. Westland National Park - This park, along with its neighbors, Mount Aspiring National Park and Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park, preserves some of New Zealand's tallest peaks and numerous glaciers. They are wilderness areas and not accessible for the average tourist except by plane.

 

      5. Waitomo Caves - These limestone caverns have become especially popular due to the presence of glowworms, actually the larvae of a gnat, which dangle strands of silk to catch their prey. They glow as a result of a chemical reaction, forming the compound luciferin. The glowing probably attracts their prey.

 

      6. Otago Peninsula - This protrusion of land near Dunedin, South Island, is all about wildlife. There are several species, Northern Royal Albatrosses and Yellow-eyed Penguins, whose colonies are especially popular with visitors. Ecotourism has become the major tourist draw in the area.

 

      7. Bay of Islands - Near the northern tip of the North Island, this area is popular with ecotourists and water enthusiasts. All types of water sports are available here, especially big-game fishing.

 

        Other sites considered:

          The Catlins

     Philadelphia is one of two cities (with Boston, Massachusetts) that is intimately associated with the early history of the United States of America. There are many reminders of this time which are available to the visitor. Obviously, there are other attractions as well. Here is my list of the best of Philly, to be followed shortly by a photo album.

 

       1. Independence Hall - One of the most important historic buildings in America, this was the site of the second Continental Congress and the place where both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed. Its bell tower was the original home of the Liberty Bell (now the Centennial Bell resides there).

 

       2. The Liberty Bell - Reportedly rung to announce the first reading of the Declaration of Independence to anxious Philadelphians, it received its first crack when first rung in 1754. It was repaired but cracked again and was finally rendered useless as a bell. However, it has become a symbol of the American Revolution and occupies an exalted position in its new location, the Liberty Bell Center, across the street and in front of Independence Hall (see above).

 

       3. Franklin Court - This area within Independence National Historical Park contains Benjamin Franklin's home, the first Post Office, and also displays much Franklin memorabilia. Benjamin Franklin was one of the most famous early Americans, and credited with many inventions and firsts.

 

       4. Drive or walk down Ben Franklin Parkway - This scenic avenue traverses the heart of Philadelphia's cultural establishment. It begins at City Hall (see below) and ends at Eakins Oval, in front of the Philadelphia Museum of Art (see below). The tree-lined and flag-lined parkway was designed to emulate the Champs-Elysses in Paris.

 

       5. Shop and/or Lunch at the Terminal Market - Once the site of the Reading Train Terminal's train shed, this indoor market is jammed with vendors selling primarily food, but other commodities as well. The market is a popular stop for visitors to the city and is especially crowded at lunch. There are several Pennsylvania Dutch vendors. The market dates to the mid-nineteenth century.

 

       6. Check out Philly's Italian Neighborhood (South Philly) - The Italian Market is a primarily outdoor market which displays and sells a wide variety of foods, most of Italian origin and style. It is most associated with 9th street in south Philadelphia.

 

       7. Spend Several Hours at the Philadelphia Museum of Art - This museum, located opposite Philadelphia's City Hall (see below) along Benjamin Franklin Parkway (see above) is one of the top art museums in the United States. It was made famous when featured in the movie, Rocky, as the end of Rocky Balboa's run during training. For a while, there was even a sculpture of the fictional boxer at the top of the stairs, in front of the museum.

 

       8. Take a drive to Longwood Gardens - This is probably the premier botanical garden in the United States and one of the finest in the world. It is located in Kennett Square, just southwest of Philadelphia, and is a popular excursion from the city. Located on the former estate of Pierre DuPont, it contains twenty outdoor and twenty indoor gardens, along with numerous fountains.  

 

       9. Admire Philadephia's City Hall - This dramatic 550-foot tall building, topped with a statue of William Penn, the founder of the Pennsylvania Colony, is the tallest masonry building in the world. It is also the largest municipal building in the United States, with almost 700 rooms and is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on an area designated by Penn as Centre Square.

 

       10. The Mutter Museum - This unusual medical museum is noted for its collection of skulls and other anatomical specimens. In addition, there are numerous medical oddities and medical equipment on display.

     Australia is continent and country with an incredible variety of natural wonders. Its long and continuous coastline provides several, while its interior celebrates the process of geology. Fortunately, the country's leaders have seen fit to preserve many of these natural areas in the form of national parks so that they can be enjoyed by residents and tourist for years to come. Here are my favorites. A photo album will follow.

 

      1. Great Barrier Reef - The world's largest reef system stretches for over 1600 miles along the northeast coast of Australia. Much of it is protected with the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and it was selected as a World Heritage Site back in 1981. For tourists, there is a tremendous variety of boat companies which give visitors access to the area. The Great Barrier Reef, because of its biodiversity, is a great favorite with scuba divers from all over the world.

 

      2. Uluru (Ayers Rock ) - This World Heritage Site, remotely situated in the middle of the Australian continent, is part of Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park (along with the Olgas). It is over 1,100 feet high and almost 6 miles in circumference; it has become a recognizable icon to people all over the world. The area is sacred to the Australian Aborigines.

 

      3. The Kimberly - The name refers to a region in the northern part of Western Australia. It is popular with tourists because of its

unusual landscapes and natural formation. This is the home of the Bungle-Bungles and Horizontal Falls.  

 

      4. The Southern Coast - The southeastern section of this dramatic coastline is showcased by the Great Ocean Road, Australia's most scenic drive. Offshore sea stacks and unusual limestone and sandstone formations abound, offering visitors a dizzying experience.

 

      5. Blue Mountains - This vast plateau of sandstone formations and fertile valleys of eucalyptus is just southwest of Sydney and is popular for day-trippers from the city. There are many activities available, including the Giant Staircase, the Scenic Flyway, the Scenic  Skyway, and the Katoomba Scenic Railway.

 

      6. Daintree Rain Forest - Another natural area chosen as a World Heritage Site, the Daintree is Australia's largest rain forest and is recognized for its biodiversity. The area, in northeastern Australia, also has excellent beaches and is convenient to Cairns, also the major gateway to the Great Barrier Reef (see above).

 

      7. Tasmania - Australia's largest island is located south of the mainland and is recognized for its natural beauty and unusual wildlife. Almost 40% of the island is being conserved as national parks. The island is accessible for visitors via sea or air.

 

      Other sites considered:

         

     Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is an intriguing city. Its famous Royal Mile is world-famous as a spectacular place to wander. The country itself is not large, so that many sights outside the city are accessible in a short day trip. Here are my choices for Edinburgh's top ten sights, to be followed shortly by a photo album.

 

       1. Edinburgh Castle - This ancient complex dates to the late 11th century and includes numerous buildings a s well as formidable fortifications. Crown Square within the walls contains the Royal Palace with its elaborate apartments and Crown Room (containing the Scotish Crown Jewels and other memorabilia), the Great Hall, and the Queen Anne Room, the former kitchens. St Margaret's Chapel is the oldest building in the castle. Spectacular performances are held annually, in August, as part of the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, on the esplanade at the front of the castle. 

 

       2. Holyrood Palace - The Palace of Holyroodhouse began its existence as a monastery but is much more famous as the residence of Scotish Kings and Queens since the 15th century. Any visit to the palace will enmesh the tourist in the life and times of Mary, Queen of Scots, and her attempts to ascend to the throne of England. She spent several years in residence at the palace.

 

       3. St Giles Cathedral - The High Kirk of Edinburgh is located in the middle of the Royal Mile. Its distinctive hollow-crown tower is an integral part of the city's skyline. The oldest parts of the building date to 1120 AD. It's beautiful stained glass windows are particularly noteworthy.

 

       4. Calton Hill - This dramatic hill which rises from one end of the Royal Mile provides the classic vista of Edinburgh's skyline. It is the location of the Scottish Government as well as several monuments and buildings of note, including the National Monument and Nelson's Monument. It is almost directly above Holyrood Palace (see above) and provides a panorama across the entire Royal Mile to Edinburgh Castle (see above).

 

       5. Play golf at or at least visit St Andrews - The city was once the mightiest in terms of religious power in the entire country, however, its great cathedral as well as its castle now lie in ruins. Nevertheless, it is still a golfing Mecca since it is the home of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, one of the two oldest golf courses in the world and one of the most respected.

 

       6. Glamis Castle - Perhaps the most haunted castle in Scotland, Glamis is the subject of numerous legends. The Monster of Glamis still resides there, as the legend goes; another legend is related to the Ogilvie family who were buried alive in the Room of Skulls. Reportedly, Shakespeare's famous play, Macbeth, took place here, since, historically, this was where King Malcolm II, mortally wounded in a nearby battle, died.

 

       7. Princes Street Shopping - This street in what is known as Edinburgh's New Town, is the principal shopping street of the city. It is bounded on the south by the Princes Street Gardens, an oasis of greenery which offers views to the Old Town.  Within the gardens are numerous statues, including the Scott Monument (see below) and fountains.

 

       8. Sleep in a Castle at Dalhousie - This castle, just outside of Edinburgh, has participated in Scottish history over the years. King Edward I (Longshanks) stayed here on his way to meet Sir William Wallace at the Battle of Falkirk. Later, the castle withstood a siege of six months by King Edward IV of England. More recently, the castle became a hotel and it is a convenient and exciting place to stay while in Edinburgh.

 

      9. Take a scenic drive into the Highlands - The Scottish Highlands are wild and beautiful, with craggy hills and verdant valleys. Just driving through gives the visitor the idea that the area is not only old but uncontrollable as well. Take a walk or hike up one of the many paths to truly experience the region.

 

       10. Sir Walter Scott Monument in Princes Street Gardens East. This 200 foot-tall monument is located opposite Jenner's Department Store. The tower was completed in 1844 and serves to honor one of Scotland's most famous literati.

     Las Vegas is one of the most exciting cities in the world. Even though the city is associated with the gambling industry, there is much more to do in Las Vegas than gamble. There are incredible and elaborate shows, both free and expensive, and there are the actual casinos themselves which are some of the most interesting and magnificent buildings in the world. In addition, there are several attractions just outside the city for those who want a break from the glitz.

 

      1. Stroll the Strip, stopping at the various casinos - Walking or monorailing the Strip is a great daytime or nighttime activity in Las Vegas. Some of the casinos are so spectacular inside that they simply must be seen. A few of my favorites are the Venetian, the Bellagio, the Paris, and the Luxor. 

 

      2. Get tickets to see a show - Entertainment is the business of Las Vegas and there is no better place to see quality entertainers every night of the week. Cirque de Soleil and Blue Man Group are famous around the world. Headliners such as Bette Midler, Elton John and Cher are contracted to perform at Caesar's Palace. In addition, there are other types of entertainment, costing money, which are available. They include the thrill rides (Big Shot, Insanity the Ride, and Xscream) at the Stratosphere, Shark Reef Aquarium at Mandalay Bay, and the Rollercoaster at New York, New York.  

 

      3. Ride to the top of the Stratosphere - The Stratosphere Tower rises 1150 feet above The Strip and provides spectacular views during the day or night of the glitz and glamour of the city. Even if you are not interested in the thrill rides available here, the view is worth the trip up.

 

      4. Be Mesmerized by the Freemont Street Experience - Downtown Las Vegas doesn't have the appeal anymore, even though this is where Las Vegas started and this is where your gambling dollar can be stretched. It has been eclipsed by The Strip with its Mega-hotels and incredible entertainment. However, the downtown is still notable for the unique Freemont Street Experience, a fantastia of color, sound and spectacle traveling along the canopy above you.

 

      5. Visit the Hoover Dam - Thirty miles southeast of the city is the major excursion for visitors to Las Vegas. The Hoover Dam was built in 1935 and was one of the most significant engineering achievements of the Twentieth Century. Lake Mead was created by its construction. When you visit, be sure to spend the extra money for the Hard Hat Tour.

 

      6. Try Your Luck at a Casino - There are hundreds to choose from, all over the city

 

      7. Check out the free shows at the Casinos - There are many spectacular and free shows at the major casinos that are must-sees especially if you have children. Some of the best are the Dancing Fountains at the Bellagio, and the Sirens of TI Show at Treasure Island. Indoor freebies include the Fall of Atlantis at Caesar's Palace and Masquerade Show in the Sky at the Rio (just off the Strip).

 

      8. Pig out at a Las Vegas Buffet - Food is fairly inexpensive in Las Vegas for those who are willing to brave the lines at the various buffets offered at the casinos.

 

      9. Take a Scenic Drive through Valley of Fire State Park - About 50 miles from the city, along Lake Mead Recreation Area is an interesting red sandstone landscape which is a treasure to explore. American Indian petroglyphs and unusual formations abound.

 

      10. Hike or Rock-climb at Red Rock Canyon - This scenic area is only 15 miles from Las Vegas and offers numerous outdoor activities. Especially popular are rock-climbing (some of the canyon walls rise 3000 feet) and hiking on the many trails. The 13-mile park road is scenic to drive.

 

          Other sights considered:

            Liberace's Home

     New Orleans is one of America's most famous cities. It is the origin and home of Jazz, a uniquely American style of music. It is also famous for its celebration of Mardi Gras, the day before the begining of the Christian period of Lent, a time for sacrifice and denial. Mardi Gras, the last time for enjoyment before the forty days of fasting, has become a time of debauchery and excess, and the city of New Orleans has captured this spirit. It is also a great southern city and recalls the days when the South displayed its elegance and sophistication for all to admire.

 

        1. Stroll the French Quarter - This area is the essence of New Orleans, the oldest part of the city, and the major tourist location. Its architecture, cuisine and music are famous all around the world. A walking tour of the area is necessary for any visitor to the city.

 

        2. Listen to great Jazz at Preservation Hall - This venue showcases one of New Orleans' greatest gifts to the world, jazz music. There is no better place to hear "true" jazz than here. Many of the famous jazz musicians had their start on this stage. Nightly concerts take place at this 726 St Peter Street location.

 

        3. Take a Paddleboat Cruise on the Mississippi River - A must-do activity while in New Orleans is to take a cruise along the Mississippi River. Various companies offer narrated rides along the waterfront and several miles up or down river.

 

        4. Board the St Charles Avenue Streetcar for a look at New Orleans' Garden District - This famous streetcar traverses New Orleans' Garden District, noted for its many mansions. The ride along tree-lined St Charles Avenue is pleasant and ends near Tulane University.

 

        5. Sample Cajun and/or Creole Cuisine - New Orleans is also famous for it culinary styles. Cajun and Creole food are both distinctive and popular all over the world. Notable cajun dishes include Gumbo and Jambalaya. Galatoire's is probably the most famous creole restaurant in the city.

 

        6. St Louis Cathedral - This easily recognized symbol of the city sits prominently on Jackson Square (see below). The present structure dates to the late 18th century although there has been a church on this spot since 1718. It has had its share of damage from both storms and man-made violence but has always been lovingly restored.

 

        7. Stroll Jackson Square - This historic park in the French Quarter showcases an equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson, famous here for winning the Battle of New Orleans. It is attractively landscaped and bordered by the St Louis Cathedral (see above) and the Pontabla Buildings, apartments which house shops on the street level.

 

        8. Join the Crowds on Bourbon Street at Night - This quintessential avenue in the French Quarter is famous for its bawdiness -- there are numerous strip clubs and nightclubs. At night much of the street becomes pedestrian-only, and is packed with tourists. Since there is no law against possessing open containers of alcohol in the city, revelers sport bottles of beer or mixed drinks as they wander up and down.

 

        9. Have Coffee & Beignet at Cafe du Monde in the French Market - This culinary institution features cafe-au-lait (the coffee in New Orleans contains chicory, making it rather distinctive-tasting) and beignets, a type of French doughnut. Frequently, musicians serenade the customers with smooth, New Orleans jazz.

 

        10. Take a walk through the Metairie Cemetery - In New Orleans, because of the flooding and high water table, coffins cannot be buried underground. This cemetery displays some of the most elaborate and fanciful tombs in the city. Among the notables buried here are P.G.T. Beauregard (a confederate general), Al Hirt (famous jazz trumpeter), and Mel Ott (baseball legend).

 

          Other sights considered:

              Aquarium of the Americas

     Although the combined countries of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are not large by country standards, they are, nevertheless, punctuated by numerous natural areas which are not only popular with natives but are must-sees on the tourist trail as well. Here is my list of the seven best. Look for the photo album in the near future.

 

      1. Giant's Causeway, Northern Ireland. Located on the northeast coast of Northern Ireland, this is the most popular tourist attraction in the country. It consists of almost 40,000 columns of basalt, some reaching over 30 feet high, which are crowded together, creating an unusual ensemble.

 

      2. Highlands (Glen Coe), Scotland. This area is one of the most wild and beautiful in all of Scotland. It lies in the valley of the River Coe and is a spectacular landscape of verdant hills and valleys. It is a popular place for hikers and there are many trails which lead into the hills.

 

      3. Lake District, England. This region of northwestern England is a favorite vacationland for many Britishers as well as tourists from other countries. Much of the activity in the area centers around Windermere, one of the region's many lakes. The area is also associated with William Wordsworth and Beatrix Potter, of literary fame.

 

      4. Loch Ness, Scotland. One of the most popular tourist attractions in all of Scotland is Loch Ness, reputed home of Nessie, the Loch Ness Monster. Although beautiful in its own right, most people drive around the loch to attempt to spot the legendary creature which has fascinated men, women, and children all over the world.

 

      5. White Cliffs of Dover, England. These chalky white cliffs of calcium carbonate lie on England's southeastern shore, facing France. They are famous as one of the first images seen by individuals traveling from the mainland to England. The cliffs rise up to 350 feet and dramatically herald one's arrival in England. 

 

      6. Jurassic Coast, Devon & Dorset, England. This 100-mile stretch of coastline in southern England is a World Heritage Site. The rugged coastline features a sea arch at Durdle Door and rises to over 600 feet high in spots.

 

      7. Cheddar Gorge & Caves, Somerset, England. This chasm, almost 400 feet deep, is Britain's largest. It is noteworthy for both its geology and its history -- the oldest complete human skeleton in Great Britain, Cheddar Man, was found in the Cheddar Caves, within the gorge. He was estimated to be 9,000 years old.

 

        Other sights considered:

          Great Glen, Scotland

          Cornish Coast, England

          Mount Snowden, England

    To Readers of My Blog:

        I am adapting my blog entries and including them in book form. This book will be easy reading, a quick reference, and inexpensive. I am looking for feedback and any suggestions. Please comment. Thanks for taking the time, Gary

      Canada is a huge country, second largest in the world, and, as such, has a wealth of natural wonders. Parts of the country are so remote that there may be other wonders which have not yet been discovered, but here is my current list. Look for the photo album which follows.

 

      1. Banff National Park, Alberta.  This park which occupies the southwestern boundary of Alberta is Canada's oldest national park, established in 1885. The Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise, built by the Canadian Railroad, encouraged tourism to the area, and visits have never abated, due to the spectacular mountain scenery.

 

      2. Niagara Falls, Ontario (with the United States). Niagara Falls has long been one of the world's favorite honeymoon and travel destinations. The Niagara River plunges almost 200 feet in an incredible display of power. Canada's falls are known as the Horseshoe Falls and wider and more dramatic than the American falls. Numerous activities abound in the area, the most popular of which are the Maid of the Mist boats which take visitors to the base of the horseshoe falls, and the Journey Behind the Falls, which explores tunnels in the escarpment.

 

      3. Jasper National Park, Alberta. This huge park which abuts Banff National Park (see above) extends northward into the Canadian Rockies and includes much of the Columbia Icefield and its associated glaciers. Particular highlights include the Icefields Parkway, one of the world's greatest scenic drives, and Mount Athabasca as well as numerous lakes. A wonderful activity here is to ride a Snocoach onto a glacier. 

 

      4. Hopewell Rocks, New Brunswick. These "flowerpot rocks" are offshore sea stacks which, because of the incredible tidal differences here, are completely exposed during low tide. A nearby sign invites visitors to "walk on the seafloor." The best way to appreciate this phenomenon is to time your visit so that you can experience both low and high tides.

 

      5. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick. The province of New Brunswick's first national park features the largest tidal bore in the world. Besides access to this coastal area, there are numerous walking trails and other recreational opportunities available.

 

      6. Yoho National Park, British Columbia. Just west of Banff National Park (see above), this park features Canada's highest waterfall, Takkakaw Falls, as well as

 several tall mountains, many lakes and numerous walking and hiking trails.

 

      7. Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta. This park is contiguous with Glacier National Park, in Montana, USA, and together they form the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, a groundbreaking cooperative effort between two nations to preserve and protect this vast area. Any visit should include a visit to the Prince of Wales Hotel which overlooks the Waterton Lakes, Canada's deepest. 

 

       Other sights considered:

         Montmorency Falls, Quebec.

         Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia.

         Kootenay National Park, British Columbia.

         Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, British Columbia.

         Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland.

         Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta.

        

 

 

     Chicago is the largest city in the Midwest United States and a quintessential large American city. Its location on Lake Michigan provides a delightful setting and its skyline is second to none. It is both a business and commerce center and a center for the Arts. The charm of its ethnic neighborhoods makes it a pleasure to visit in any season of the year. Here are my choices for Chicago's top ten attractions.

 

      1. Sears Tower - This is Chicago's tallest building at 110 stories. It has been the tallest building in the United States since 1973 (it surpassed the World Trade Towers) and was the tallest building in the world until the construction of the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur. Its observation deck provides spectacular, 360-degree views of the city and Lake Michigan.

 

      2. Water Tower - This city landmark is one of only a few surviving buildings from before Chicago's devastating fire of 1871. It is located along the city's "magnificent mile (see below)," Michigan Avenue, and today houses Chicago's Tourist Bureau Welcome Center. It was built in 1869 and stands 154 feet tall. 

 

      3. Field Museum of Natural History - This museum is famous as the location of "Sue," the most complete and best-preserved specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex in the world. Many other both permanent and temporary exhibits fascinate visitors, making it ,one of Chicago's most popular tourist attractions. 

 

      4. Art Institute of Chicago - Located on the edge of Grant Park, this is one of America's premier art museums. Its collections include extensive Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, including several Water Lilies, by Monet, and American paintings, such as Grant Wood's American Gothic.

 

      5. Lincoln Park - Lincoln Park is Chicago's largest public park and contains landscaped gardens, a zoo, a conservatory, and a theater on the lake which is the scene of summer productions. There are also numerous statues and many opportunities for recreation within this all-purpose space. 

 

      6. Magnificent Mile - This section of Michigan Ave from the Chicago River to Oak Street is famous for its upscale shopping and its nightlife. Many of Chicago's most revered buildings are also located along this stretch, including the Water Tower (see above), the Wrigley Building and John Hancock Center.

 

      7. Navy Pier - Although originally built to service Chicago's aquatic freight cargo and passenger steamship industries, Navy Pier has become much more important as a public gathering place. These days, exhibitions are held in its arenas, and there are many other entertainment venues, such as a ferris wheel, an Imax theater, etc.

 

      8. Shedd Aquarium - This indoor aquarium was once the largest in the world. It is part of Museum Campus Chicago, which also includes the Field Museum (see above) and the Adler Planetarium. Highlights include a replica of a Caribbean coral reef and Wild Reef, a 750,000 gallon recreation of a reef off the coast of the Philippine Islands, which includes numerous sharks.

 

      9. Millennium Park - This park was belatedly opened in 2004 and sits on the site of Chicago's first baseball team (the Chicago White Stockings) field. One of the three artistic features of the park is Cloud Gate, known locally as "the bean," a steel sculpture meant to look like a drop of Mercury. Another is the Pritsker Pavilion, designed by Frank Gehry, home of the Grant Park Music Festival. The third is the Crown Fountain, two towers of transparent glass bricks which display over a thousand of Chicago's citizens in an effort to showcase the city's diversity. 

 

      10. Chicago Skyline - Chicago has one of the most beautiful and tallest skylines in the world. Juxtaposed with Lake Michigan, it is dramatic and particularly spectacular at night. Some of the most famous buildings include the Sears Tower (see above), the John Hancock Center, the Aon Center, and the Wrigley Building. Great views of the skyline can be found from the Museum Campus and from the Navy Pier (see above).

 

        Other sights considered:

            Adler Planetarium

            Robie House (designed by Frank Lloyd Wright)

            John Hancock Center

 

 

     

The city of Quebec is often described as a place to see Europe without actually going there. The old, walled city is beautifully maintained and quaint. This year, the city is celebrating its 400th anniversary with numerous activities year-round. There is much to do in and around the Old Town, so here are my choices for Quebec's top 10 attractions.

        1. Chateau Frontenac - This huge hotel dominates the Old Town because of its size and location, on a cliff overlooking Lower Town and the St Lawrence River. Even if you do not stay here (it's rather expensive!), have lunch or a drink on the terrace.

         2. Place de Louis - this small (by European standards) square is one of the focal points in the Lower Town. Its most prominent occupant is the Notre-Dame-des-Victoires Church which dates to the late 17th century. Also known as Place Royela, this section of the Lower Town is on the site of Champlain's first settlement here in 1608. Today it contains the largest surviving 17th and 18th century buildings in all of North America. It is truly the heart of the city.

         3. The Citadel - These fortifications harken to the legendary battle between the British, lead by Wolfe and the French forces, dug in here under the command of Montcalm. They seem impossible to breach but the British won this battle in 1759 and changed the direction of the entire country. Located high above the St Lawrence River on Cap Diamant, this formidable assemblage of buildings and walls now contains the summer residence of the Governor General of Canada. Visitors can see military quarters and a military museum in the complex.

          4. Montmorency Falls - Just a few miles outside the city, this waterfall is 275 feet high, a hundred feet higher than Niagara, although much less spectacular. They make a popular excursion from the city, often coupled with #5 below.

           5. St Anne-de-Beaupre Basilica - This church is popular with pilgrims and legend says a visit has healing powers. It also contains the only copy of Michelangelo's Pieta, whose original lies in St Peter's Basilica in Vatican City.

           6. City Gates - Both St Jean and St Louis Gates are the major entrances into the Old City. They date to the 17th century and are well-preserved reminders of a time when the city was threatened by outsiders.

            7. Plains of Abraham - This open space, now a public park, was the scene of the battle for Quebec (mentioned earlier) between the English and the French in 1759.

            8. Parliament Building - This complex, just outside the Old Town, is the seat of government for the Province of Quebec. The elegant buildings are attractively landscaped and are a reminder of the pride of the Quebecois.

            9. Dufferin Terrace - Combined with the Promenade of the Governors, this walkway which originates near the Chateau Frontenac (see above) provides a pleasant stroll with excellent views of the river and area around the city. 

            10. Notre-Dame des Victoires - This church dates to the late 17th century and occupies a prominent location on the Place Royale (see above) in Quebec City Lower Town.

                 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Madrid is the capital of Spain and is packed with important attractions for any tourist. Because of Spain's prominence during several of the major dynasties of Europe, there are sections of the city which are referred to a "Bour (bon" Madrid and "Hapsburg" Madrid. The city was also a center for artistic excellence and contains several world-class museums. Below is my top ten list for this dynamic city. A photo album will follow shortly.

 

       1. Palacio Real (Royal Palace) - This grand residence is still used for state functions although the Royal Family does not actually live here. Notable rooms within the palace include the Throne Room and Royal Armoury. It is the largest Royal Palace in Western Europe. 

 

       2. Plaza Mayor - This large and elegant square is one of the city's major gathering places. Its origins go back to the early 17th century and it has been the scene of bullfights, soccer games, public executions and markets. The Casa de la Panaderia is the largest building on the square.

 

       3. Prado Museum - One of the best art museums in the world, the Prado's collection of Spanish paintings is unrivaled. It also contains one of the most important collections of European Art from the 12th to the 19th century with notable masters such as Titian, Rubens, and Bosch. The museum opened in the early 19th century and is a necessary stop for all art lovers. More recent works have been transferred to the Reina Sofia Museum nearby.

 

       4. Retiro Park - This pocket of greenery near the Plaza de Cibeles (see below) is a popular stop for both locals and tourists alike. There are ponds and fountains, miles of walking trails, as well as places to rest and find solitude within this busy city. Be sure to check the lovely Crystal Palace, a glass-enclosed exhibition hall sitting on a tranquil pond.

 

       5. El Escorial Monastery - Located less than 30 miles from Madrid, this summer palace and monastery is probably the most popular day trip from the capital. The building dates to the 16th century and contains the remains of most of the Spanish monarchs since that time in its pantheon. The building also has an extensive library and the woodwork and furniture in the rooms is exquisite.

 

       6. Plaza de Cibeles - This large and busy traffic circle is noteworthy for several reasons. In the center is the elegant and beautiful sculpture of the goddess, Cibele riding a chariot pulled by lions. The lovely ensemble has become a symbol of the city. Around the square a regal buildings, including the Buenavista Palace, the Linares Palace, the Main Post Office of the city and the Bank of Spain.

 

       7. Plaza de Toros de las Ventas - Madrid's bullring is one the most important in the world and attracts the best matadors in the country and the world. Although there are many more objections to the sport of bullfighting these days, it is still popular with locals and a must-see for visitors to the capital.

 

       8. Puerta del Sol - This busy intersection is the starting point for measuring all distances in Spain. It is also a major hub for public transportation in the city and is thus crowded with people throughout the day and night. For the reasons stated above it makes a great meeting place as well.

 

       9. Valle de los Caidos - Located near El Escorial (see above) and often combined with it in a day trip from Madrid is this memorial basilica, the Basilica de la Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caidos. It is one of the largest basilicas in the world and is carved out of a granite ridge. Above the basilica is the largest memorial cross in the world, a stone monster which soars over 150 meters high. The basilica also contains the grave of Generalissimo Franco, Spain's infamous dictator. 

 

       10. Casa Botin - This restaurant, made famous because Ernest Hemingway called it the best restaurant in the world, also claims to be the oldest restaurant in the world (1725). The roast suckling pig is the most popular menu suggestion and is excellent.

 

        Other sights considered:

           Temple of Debod

     Key West is one of the most unique destinations in the entire United States. The populace here is fun-loving and strange, and the city reflects this unusual lifestyle. Why, in 1982, the residents proclaimed their independence from the United States and named the new country the "Conch Republic." There are many things to do here, so it warrants several days for any visit. Here's my list of the best of Key West, to be followed shortly by a photo album.

 

      1. Observe the Sunset from Mallory Square - This is a tradition for both locals and tourists since Mallory Square is on the west end of town and tends to have glorious sunsets. The daily gathering is known as the "Sunset Celebration."

 

      2. Have a Drink at Sloppy Joe's Bar - This icon of the city is just opposite Mallory Square, at the end of Duval Street and is a favorite haunt of locals and tourists alike. Many of the patrons are extremely "different," so this is a great place to people-watch.

 

      3. Take the Conch Train Tour - A great way to orient yourself is to take this popular tour upon arrival, then return to the places that seem most interesting. 

 

      4. Visit Hemingway's House - This house preserves much of what the famous author left behind during his lengthy stay here, including his polydactyl cats which roam throughout the property.

 

      5. Take a picture at Southernmost Point - The colorful buoy here claims to be only 90 miles from Cuba (it's actually 94) and is well-labeled as the southernmost point in the continental United States. True or not, it's a great place to take a picture. 

 

      6. Admire Southernmost House - This Victorian mansion resplendently claims the honor of being the southernmost home in the continental US. It is actually quite a lovely home and property. It is not open to the public.

 

      7. Stroll Duval Street - This historic street contains numerous bars and restaurants and is part of any walking tour of Key West.

 

      8. Visit the Key West Lighthouse - The first lighthouse here dated to 1825,  but since that one was destroyed in a hurricane, the present lighthouse, built in 1849, replaced it. It was decommissioned in 1969 and is now a museum.

 

      9. Take Part in a Parade - There are many events in Key West's calendar, so it is quite likely that a visit may coincide with an annual celebration of some kind. These are almost always accompanied by a parade.

 

      10. Go Deep-Sea Fishing - There are many boats for hire in Key West for fishing trips and the fishing is great in the Gulf of Mexico.

 

    

     Washington DC has such a wealth of attractions that it seems necessary to add this posting to include the many sights and attractions just outside the city. Otherwise some of these places would displace the ones in my earlier posting. All the sights listed are located in nearby towns in the state of Virginia.

 

       1. Mount Vernon - George Washington's plantation home is now a dedicated to the accomplishments and life of America's first president. It lies on the Potomac River, just a short scenic drive from the US Capital. Visitors are allowed to tour a number of rooms in the house and to wander the grounds, exploring several other buildings on the premises.

 

       2. Arlington Memorial Cemetery - This largest and most prestigious of the National Cemeteries is located across the Francis Scott Key Bridge from the Lincoln Memorial, in nearby Arlington. The grounds were part of the estate of General Robert E Lee's wife's family, and Arlington House, where General Lee and his family once lived, is still standing and can be visited. Among the highlights of a visit to Arlington Memorial is to watch the changing of the guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, a ceremony which takes place each hour. Another popular stop for tourists is the gravesite of President John F Kennedy, marked by a perpetual flame.

 

       3. Old Town Alexandria, VA - This eastern section of the city dates to 1749 and has preserved many homes and buildings from this time. Visitors enjoy walking the brick sidewalks and admiring the well-kept structures. Market Square is the oldest, continuously-operating marketplace in the United States and was once the site of a large slave market. Numerous shops and restaurants service the many tourists.

 

       4. Stephen F Udvar-Hazy Center (part of Smithsonian Museum) - This annex of the National Air and Space Museum is located on the grounds of the Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, VA, about 30 miles from Washington, DC. The displays here are primarily specimens which are too large to fit in the original museum building. Highlights include the Enola Gay, a B-29 Bomber which delivered and dropped the first Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945, the Space Shuttle, Enterprise, and an Air France Concorde.

 

       5. Iwo Jima Memorial - More appropriately known as the US Marine Corps War Memorial, this iconic bronze statue is based on a famous photograph taken on the island of Iwo Jima, when American forces were attempting to eradicate entrenched Japanese soldiers from the island. The photo, when published, precipitated an upwelling of support for the war effort at a time when people were growing tired of the seemingly endless war in the Pacific.

 

       6. Theodore Roosevelt Memorial - Located on an an island in the Potomac River, this memorial features a standing President Theodore Roosevelt, famous as the pioneer of America's National Park System. There are also several monoliths which contain some of the colorful president's more famous quotes. 

 

       7. The Pentagon - The world's largest office building is the administrative home of America's Armed Forces and its Department of Defense. The building has over 17 miles of corridors, yet it takes a maximum of seven minutes to walk from any point to any other point because of its unique pentagon-shaped design.

 

       8. George Washington Masonic National Memorial - This building, patterned after the Lighthouse at Alexandria, one of the original Seven Wonders of the World, is dedicated to America's first president, who was also a mason. The monument appears to preside over the city, because of its height and its location on a prominent hill.

 

       9. Great Falls Park - These Potomac River falls drop a total of 76 feet over several cascades. The are located on the site of Patowmack Canal, the United States' first canal that used locks to raise and lower boats. Within the park are many walking trails and other recreational opportunities.

 

       10. Manassas National Battlefield Park - This is the site of two of the most famous battles from the Civil War, the First and Second Battles of Bull Run. Both took place early in the war, in 1861 and 1862 respectively. It was here that Confederate General Thomas J Jackson received his nickname, "Stonewall."

 

        Other sights considered:

             Gunston Hall Plantation

             Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts -

             Christ Church, Alexandria

      Washington DC is the capital of the United States of America and prominently showcases all that America is proud about, from its great leaders to its model style of government to its wealth. It is a city of incredible monuments and world-class museums. The architecture and scale of the buildings is awe-inspiring. There are obviously many possible candidates for this category, but I have listed my favorite ten below, to be followed shortly by a photo album.

 

      1. Washington Monument - The world's tallest obelisk, at 555 feet, is the tallest structure in the city (by law). Construction began in 1848 but was not completed until 1884, when it became the tallest structure in the world until eclipsed by the Eiffel Tower in 1889. The elevator to the top brings visitors to an observation area which provides dramatic views in all directions.

 

      2. Lincoln Memorial - Patterned after the Temple of Zeus in Olympia, Greece, this tribute to one of America's greatest presidents contains Daniel Chester French's imposing statue of a seated Abraham Lincoln. On the south wall of the monument is Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address, and on the north wall is the text of his second inaugural speech. 

 

      3. Jefferson Memorial - This dramatic structure is attractively isolated in a section of the Tidal Basin and was designed using elements from the Pantheon in Rome and Jefferson's own design for the rotunda at the University of Virginia. Inside is a 19-foot bronze statue of Thomas Jefferson, America's third president and author of the Declaration of Independence. There are also several inscriptions of famous Jefferson quotes and a biography of his life.

 

      4. National Air and Space Museum (part of the Smithsonian Museum) - This is the most popular venue in the immense Smithsonian museum and contains the largest collection of aircraft and spacecraft in the world. Some of the most famous of the displays include Lindburgh's Spirit of St Louis, a model of the Voyager spacecraft which surveyed the outer solar system, the Command Module of Apollo 11, which brought the first humans to the moon, and many other significant milestones in the history of flight. There is also an annex, the Stephen F Udvar-Hazy Center, located at the Dulles Airport, which contains some even larger pieces of aviation history, such as, the Enola Gay, a B-29 Bomber which carried the atomic bomb that leveled the city of Hiroshima, Japan, and an Air France Concorde, the first supersonic passenger plane.

 

      5. Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial - This symbolic group of four "rooms" depict the United States' longest serving president and his many accomplishments. The sculptures and inscriptions recall the many years of turmoil which his presidency spanned, from the Depression to World War II. This memorial was only completed in 1997.

 

      6. The White House - This is the official home and workplace of the American president and has been since the presidency of John Adams in 1800. It was burned down in 1814 by the British during the War of 1812, but was reconstructed and enlarged. The residence today contains 132 rooms over its six floors of living space. The infamous West Wing is the nerve center of presidential operations and contains the Oval Office, the president's office.

 

      7. The Capitol Building - This symbol of American democracy was built in the late 18th century and has a central section which includes the dome and rotunda and two wings, one for each chamber of Congress, north is the Senate, south is the House of Representatives. The present dome was added in the 1850's. The statue of Freedom tops the dome. This is where legislative activities of the United States take place.

 

      8. Vietnam War Memorial - This commemoration to one of America's most embarassing wars consists of three parts, The Three Soldier's Statue, the Vietnam Women's Memorial, and The Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall, the most famous section. Maya Lin designed the wall, which contains the names of soldiers who were killed in the war or were classified as "missing in action." A registry assists visitors in finding the location of loved ones or friends. 

 

      9. World War II Memorial - This is the most recent addition to the National Mall and commemorates the conflict which occupied the attention of the United States from 1941 to 1945. One end (the southern) is dedicated to the Pacific campaign and the other (northern) deals with the European Theater.

 

      10. National Museum of Natural History (part of the Smithsonian Museum) - This immense museum contains over 125 millions specimens of wildlife from around the world. Its gem and mineral collection includes the Hope Diamond and the Star of Asia Sapphire. It is the second most popular of the Smithsonian buildings.

 

       Other sights considered:

           National Archives

       Munich is the capital and largest city in the region of Bavaria. Once home to the wealthy monarchs of this region, it is loaded with attractions of interest to the traveler. It also makes a great base of operations for an exploration of the entire region, since there are numerous hotels and restaurants within its environs. Below is my list of Munich's top sights. A photo album will follow.

 

     1. Nymphenburg Palace - This ornate palace is reminiscent of the grand residences found elsewhere in Europe, such as, Versailles, Schonbrunn, Caserta, etc. It dates to the mid-1600's and is noted for its beautiful frescoes and Baroque and Rococo accompaniments.

 

     2. The Residenz - This palace complex dates to the late-1300's and includes three main areas. Several especially distinctive rooms are the Cuvillies Theater, a Rococo masterpiece, and the Antiquarium, a barrel-vaulted Hall of Antiquities.

 

     3. Marienplatz - This main gathering place is always crowded with people. It is anchored by the Old Town Hall (Altes Rathaus), a rather quaint-looking wooden building which resembles a church, and the New Town Hall (Neues Rathaus), which looks to be much older since it was designed in Gothic style. Be sure to take in the hourly display of the Glockenspiel on the New Town Hall. The center of the square contains Mary's Column, a tall stone cylinder which is topped with a golden statue of Mary and gives the square its name.

 

      4. Deutches Museum - This is one of the oldest and largest science museums in the world and is celebrated for its interactive displays and its huge collection of memorabilia. Highlights include the History of Flight exhibit, the chemistry room where visitors are allowed to mix chemicals together, and the incredible display of musical instruments.

 

      5. Englischer Garten - This huge park is one of Europe's largest urban green areas. Besides the many walking and other trails, the park contains a nudist area and a beer garden.

 

      6. Frauenkirche - This huge church is the symbol of the city, with its twin brick towers that rise above everything in the Altstadt. It dates to the 1400's and is constructed in the late Gothic style. The interior can accomodate about 20,000 worshipers.

 

      7. Dachau - This town, only 20 kilometers from Munich, is famous for the Nazi concentration camp which was located here during World War II. It was the first of its kind to be built in Germany and served as a model for other camps in the region. Now it serves as a memorial to the many groups who were imprisoned and exterminated here under the orders of Der Fuhrer.

 

      8. Lunch or dinner at the Hofbrauhaus - The world's most famous beer hall is a must-see attraction in the Old City. This legendary venue made Octoberfest, a tradition which began in Munich in 1810, a world-wide event. Now every tourist must sample the sausages and the beer, as well as listen to oom-pah band.

 

      9. Alte Pinakothek - Collections here are centered around the 13th to the 18th centuries (the Neue Pinakotek contains works from the more recent eras). There are sections for German, Dutch, Flemish, Italian, French, and Spanish painters.

 

      10. Isartor (Isar Gate) - this is one of the three Medieval gates still remaining of the original city fortifications. It is located at the eastern end of the Altstadt (Old City) and, as its name suggests, is found next to the Isar River.

 

      Other sights considered:

            Neue Pinakothek